摘要
背景:当下降脂减肥已成为一个永恒的话题,运动作为降脂的重要手段,探讨影响运动中脂肪代谢的因素成为研究的热点。目的:探究运动方式、运动强度和运动时间对脂肪氧化动力学特征的影响,归纳总结运动调控脂肪氧化的生物学机制,探索合理运动处方在防治肥胖等代谢性疾病中的应用启示,并瞻望该领域的未来研究方向。方法:通过中国知网(CNKI)、百链云图书馆、PubMed和EBSCO运动科学全文等中英文数据库及Researcher、ResearchGate学术社交平台,选取“运动;脂肪氧化;脂肪动员;脂肪代谢;减肥”及“exercise;fat metabolism;fat energy ratio;fat oxidation rate”等作为检索词分别进行中文及英文组合检索,对最终纳入的相关文献进行归类、汇总、总结与提炼。结果与结论:①脂肪氧化动力学特征是一个复杂的非线性过程,主要包括脂肪供能比例和脂肪氧化率两个方面,并受运动强度、运动时间、运动方式、运动水平、运动习惯和体成分等因素的影响,上述各因素相互关联、相互制约,并呈现出阶段性变化特征。②运动调控脂肪氧化的分子生物学机制已较为成熟,但乳酸抑制脂肪氧化的生物学机制还不完全清楚。③为提高减肥效果,建议增加每日运动量,但受能量保护机制的影响,运动减肥的时间并非越长越好。建议后续加强运动调控脂肪氧化的基础应用性研究,借助蛋白组学、基因组学和免疫组学等手段,在器官系统和细胞分子水平上,从神经调节、免疫系统控制、骨骼肌代谢、线粒体适应、肠道菌群活性以及外泌体释放等方面入手寻找科学证据,探寻相关生物学机制。
BACKGROUND:At present,reducing fat and losing weight has become an eternal topic.Exercise is an important means of lowering fat,and exploring the factors that affect fat metabolism during exercise has become a research hotspot.OBJECTIVE:To explore the effects of exercise style,exercise intensity,and exercise time on the kinetic characteristics of fat oxidation,summarize the biological mechanism of exercise regulating fat oxidation,explore the application enlightenment of reasonable exercise prescriptions in the prevention and treatment of obesity and other metabolic diseases,and look forward to future research directions in the field.METHODS:Literature retrieval was conducted in Chinese and English databases such as China Knowledge Network(CNKI),Bailian Cloud Library,PubMed and EBSCO Sports Science Full Text and Researcher and ResearchGate academic social platforms.The search terms included“exercise;fat metabolism;fat energy ratio;fat oxidation rate”in Chinese and English.After initial search,relevant documents were classified,summarized,and refined.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Fat oxidation kinetics is a complex non-linear process,which mainly includes two aspects-fat energy supply ratio and fat oxidation rate,and is affected by exercise intensity,exercise time,exercise mode,exercise level,exercise habits,and body composition.The above-mentioned factors are interrelated and interacted,which experience changes in stages.The molecular biological mechanism of exercise regulating fat oxidation is relatively mature,but the biological mechanism of lactic acid inhibiting fat oxidation is not fully understood.To strengthen the weight loss effect,it is recommended to increase the amount of daily exercise.However,due to the influence of energy protection mechanism,a longer exercise does not indicate a better effect on weight loss.Further studies should be strengthened on the basic application of exercise to control fat oxidation.With the help of proteomics,genomics,and immunoomics tools,we can search for scientific evidence
作者
孔凡明
朱苗苗
米靖
马杰
Kong Fanming;Zhu Miaomiao;Mi Jing;Ma Jie(Sport Coaching College,Beijing Sport University,Beijing 100084,China;Sports Department,National Academy of Chinese Theatre Arts,Beijing 100073,China)
出处
《中国组织工程研究》
CAS
北大核心
2022年第29期4709-4715,共7页
Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research
基金
北京体育大学校级课题(2018PT007
20211021)
教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划(教技函[2013]47号)。
关键词
运动
能量代谢
脂肪代谢
脂肪供能比
脂肪氧化率
exercise
energy metabolism
fat metabolism
fat energy ratio
fat oxidation rate
