摘要
该文使用1961-2020年霜的观测数据分析了贵阳和威宁站霜的气候分布特征,用霜在白天的持续时长与08时的气象要素进行相关性分析得知贵阳站气温、露点温度、地温、5 cm地温与霜持续时长有较好的负相关,相关系数的绝对值均大于0.7,威宁站气温、露点温度、5 cm地温与霜持续时长有较好的负相关,相关系数的绝对值均大于0.4。贵阳和威宁上述几个气象要素在霜消前的变化特征如下:贵阳威宁站的气温均高于地温,二者平均温差贵阳站为2.17℃,威宁站为3.31℃;贵阳站气温和地温的差值有最小的标准差1.53℃,威宁站5 cm地温有最小的标准差2.09℃。从这两个因子的平均态来看,当贵阳站气温和地温之差大于2.17℃、威宁站5 cm地温大于5.09℃时预示着该站霜的消融。
The climate distribution characteristics of frost observed at Guiyang and Weining stations from 1961 to 2020 were analyzed through the observation data firstly;then, the correlations between the duration of frost during the day and the meteorological elements at 08:00 were analyzed: the negative correlation between temperature, dew point, ground temperature, soil temperature at 5-cm depth and frost duration had is good, and the absolute value of the correlation coefficient is greater than 0.7 at Guiyang station. The negative correlations between 5-cm depth temperature, dew point, ground temperature, 5-cm depth temperatureand and frost durationis is good, and the relevant absolute values is greater than 0.4. Finally, the characteristics of changes of above meteorological factors before the frost melting were analyzed: the temperature at Weining Station and Guiyang station were higher than that of ground temperature, the average temperature difference of Guiyang station and Weining station is 2.17 ℃ and 3.31°C respectively. The standard deviation of the difference between temperature and ground temperature at Guiyang Station is 1.53°C.which is the smallest standard deviation. while at Weining Station, the smallest standard deviation is 2.09 ℃,which calculated from soil temperature at 5-cm depth. Follow the average state of the two factors, when the difference between temperature and ground temperature at Guiyang station is greater than 2.17 ℃, it indicates that the melting of frost at the station, as soil temperature at 5-cm depth at Weining station is greater than 5.09 ℃.
作者
原野
李力
周永水
陈怡璇
郭茜
YUAN Ye;LI Li;ZHOU Yongshui;CHEN Yixuan;GUO Xi(Guizhoui Meteorological Service Center,Guiyang 550002,China;Guizhou Meteorological Observatory,Guiyang 550002,China;Guizhou Provincial Meteorological Information Center,Guiyang 550002,China)
出处
《中低纬山地气象》
2022年第1期91-95,共5页
Mid-low Latitude Mountain Meteorology
基金
中国气象局预报员专项(CMAYBY2020-115):复杂山地环境下雷暴天气中的地基微波辐射计影响距离分析
贵州省气象局科研业务项目(黔气科登[2020]05-04号):晴空时微波辐射计温度探测误差分析。
关键词
霜
消融
相关性
气象要素
frost
melting
correlation
meteorological factors
