摘要
目的探究成都地区45岁以上艾滋病病毒感染者和艾滋病(HIV/AIDS)患者流行特征。方法应用流行病学方式对2018—2020年期间成都地区45岁及以上HIV/AIDS患者发病资料予以分析。结果2018—2020年新报告成都地区45岁及以上HIV/AIDS患者219例(35.67%),2018—2020年期间成都地区≥45岁HIV/AIDS患者比较差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=6.45,P<0.05);HIV感染者占72.60%,男性占75.80%,年龄主要分布于56~65岁(48.86%),主要分布地区为锦江区(39.73%),职业主要为服务业从业者(36.99%),67.58%的患者离异或者丧偶,民族主要为汉族(72.15%),2018—2020年HIV/AIDS患者以上特征差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.29,0.22,5.65,1.92,5.68,1.12,2.12,0.39;P>0.05);75.34%经由异性传播,50.68%患者为就诊时检查检出,首次CD4细胞检查结果低于200个/μL患者占比较高(43.84%),有近81.28%患者接受了抗病毒治疗,而患者死亡率达16.89%,2018—2020年期间患者传播途径、样本来源、首次CD4细胞检查结果、抗病毒治疗、预后情况比较差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=1.29,3.59,1.56,0.01,0.35;P>0.05);患者症状主要表现为发热(62.10%)、乏力(42.01%)、淋巴结肿大(28.77%),51.14%为在门诊检查检出,患者多伴有至少1种机会感染合为感染类型主要有巨细胞病毒感染(56.16%)、结核分歧杆菌感染(36.53%),2018—2020年期间患者各项症状、就诊科室、合并机会感染比较不存在统计学意义(χ^(2)=2.11,1.17,0.07,2.05,0.84,0.57,2.32,1.74,3.00,2.61,0.50,1.33,1.42,0.203;P>0.05)。结论成都地区45岁以上HIV/AIDS患者流行形式相对严峻,构成比以及发病率显示出上升趋势,因此对于年龄45岁及以上患者应该制定个性化防控政策,有效抑制HIV/AIDS在中老年群体中传播。
Objective To explore the epidemiological characteristics of 45 year-old or older human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)-infected persons and patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome(AIDS)in Chengdu.Methods Epidemiological methods were used to analyze the data of 45 year-old or older patients with HIV/AIDS reported in Chengdu from 2018 to 2020.Results From 2018 to 2020,there were 219 newly reported cases aged 45 and above(35.67%)with HIV/AIDS in Chengdu,and the differences among them were statistically significant(χ^(2)=6.45,P<0.05).Among the subjects,HIV infected cases accounted for 72.60%,males accounted for 75.80%,most subjects were 56-65 years old(48.86%),living in Jinjiang District(39.73%),working in service industries(36.99%),divorced or widowed(67.58%),and Han people(72.15%).There were no significant differences in above characteristics of HIV-infected persons and patients with AIDS from 2018 to 2020(χ^(2)=0.29,0.22,5.65,1.92,5.68,1.12,2.12,0.39,P>0.05).75.34%of the patients were infected through heterosexual transmission,and 50.68%were detected at treatment.The proportion of patients whose first CD4 cell test result was lower than 200/μL was relatively higher(43.84%).Nearly 81.28%of the patients received antiviral therapy,and the mortality reached 16.89%.From 2018 to 2020,the difference in transmission route,sample source,the first examination results of CD4 cells,antiviral treatment,or prognosis was not statistically significant(χ^(2)=1.29,3.59,1.56,0.01,0.35,P>0.05).Fever(62.10%),fatigue(42.01%),and lymph node enlargement(28.77%)were main symptoms of the patients.51.14%were detected in outpatient examinations,and most patients were accompanied by at least one opportunistic infection.Cytomegalovirus infection(56.16%)and Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection(36.53%)were main virus infection types.From 2018 to 2020,there was no significant difference in symptoms,visiting departments or combined infection(χ^(2)=0.07-3.00,3.00,0.20-2.61,P>0.05).Conclusion The prevalence of HIV/AIDS is relatively sever
作者
门娅玲
何伶俐
赵春蓉
王嘉川
MEN Ya-ling;HE Ling-li;ZHAO Chun-rong;WANG Jia-chuan(Department of Infectious Diseases,The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College,Nuclear Industry 416 Hospital,Chengdu,Sichuan 610051,China)
出处
《公共卫生与预防医学》
2022年第2期149-153,共5页
Journal of Public Health and Preventive Medicine
关键词
艾滋病病毒感染者
艾滋病
流行病学特征
Human immunodeficiency virus
Acquired immune deficiency syndrome
Epidemiology characteristics
