摘要
农村生活垃圾的高效管理是实现乡村生态振兴和改善农村人居环境的重要基础,科学合理、便捷可行的生活垃圾处理技术评价指标体系可为农村生活垃圾处理技术的选择提供理论依据和实践指导。为此,该研究采用层次分析(AHP)法,结合现场和文献调研,构建了农村生活垃圾处理技术评价指标体系,并对各指标进行了量化。其中准则层指标权重由大到小依次为环境指标(46.38%)、经济指标(28.70%)、技术指标(24.92%),在环境指标中,三废排放对环境、社会影响程度(25.51%)的权重大于三废处理达标率(20.87%);在经济指标中,单位垃圾处理量的运行费用(20.39%)权重要明显大于单位垃圾处理量的设施投资费用(8.31%);在技术指标中,权重由大到小依次为垃圾无害化处理率(6.17%)、操作运行便捷程度(4.88%)、可处理的垃圾种类(3.36%)、垃圾资源化利用率(2.96%)、技术应用广泛度(2.77%)、工程设备验收情况(2.42%)、操作运行规范程度(2.35%)。专家群体职业类别对农村生活垃圾处理技术选择的影响明显,其中行政管理专家(51.95%)和企业固废技术专家(56.69%)则更关注环境指标,高校科研院所专家(34.17%)更关注经济指标,企业固废技术专家(17.25%)对技术指标关注相对更弱。案例分析显示,生物处理得分最高(84.08),热处理得分最低(61.42),因此,在农村生活垃圾处理技术选择上,需因地制宜,宜首选生物处理技术,实现有机物的资源化利用。
An efficient waste management plays an important role on realizing ecological revitalization and on improving the living environment in the rural areas of China.A scientific,reasonable,convenient and feasible evaluation index system of domestic waste treatment technology can provide theoretical basis and practical guidance for the choice of rural domestic waste treatment technologies.An evaluation index system of domestic waste treatment technology with three levels and 11 indexes was constructed,based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP)method,field survey and literature review.Results show that the index weights at the criterion level was environmental index(46.38%),economic index(28.70%),technical index(24.92%)in turn.The environmental indexes include the impact of pollutant emission on environment and society(25.51%)and the compliance emission rate of pollutants(20.87%).The economic indexes include the operating expenses of domestic waste treatment per unit(20.39%),facility investment costs of domestic waste treatment per unit(8.31%).The technical indexes include the harmless treatment rate of domestic waste(6.17%),the convenience of technical operation(4.88%),treated domestic waste types(3.36%),the resource utilization rate of domestic waste(2.96%),the breadth of technology application(2.77%),the acceptance of engineering and facilities(2.42%),and the normative operation(2.35%).Experts'profession had obvious impact on the choice of domestic waste treatment technologies in the rural areas of China.Generally,experts of waste management in administration(51.95%)and experts of waste treatment in enterprises(56.69%)pay more attention to environmental index.experts of waste management in universities and research institutes(34.17%)pay more attention to economic index.However,experts of waste treatment in enterprises(17.25%)pay relatively weaker attention to technical index.Case study shows that the wight score of anaerobic fermentation was the highest(84.08),and the incineration score was the lowest(61.42).There
作者
韦茜佳
李浩
徐慧
葛一洪
张国治
熊霞
韩智勇
WEI Qian-jia;LI Hao;XU Hui;GE Yi-hong;ZHANG Guo-zhi;XIONG Xia;HAN Zhi-yong(Chengdu University of Technology, State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu 610059, China;Chengdu University of Technology,State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Synergetic Control and Joint Remediation for Soil & Water Pollution,Chengdu 610059, China;College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China;Chengdu Drainage Co Ltd, Chengdu 610059, China;Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs , Chengdu 610041, China)
出处
《中国沼气》
2022年第1期43-50,共8页
China Biogas
基金
四川省杰出科技人才资助项目(2020JDJQ0053)
中国博士后特别资助基金资助项目(2018T110953)
四川省重大科技专项课题(2019YFS0509)
地质灾害防治与地质环境保护国重实验室自主课题(SKLGP2019Z009)。
关键词
农村生活垃圾
决策指标体系
处理技术选择
专家职业类别
层次分析法
rural domestic waste
evaluation index system
technology choice
experts'profession
Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP)
