摘要
大线能量焊接用钢被广泛应用于船舶制造、海洋工程、桥梁制造、原油储罐等领域。宽厚板的大线能量焊接技术能有效节约成本,提高生产效率,是目前焊接领域备受关注的研究方向。而焊接接头附近是焊后力学性能最为薄弱的位置,焊接热影响区(HAZ)尤其是粗晶焊接热影响区(CGHAZ)的力学性能是焊接评价的重要指标之一,因此对CGHAZ组织性能的控制是该领域重要的研究方向。针状铁素体组织是基于氧化物冶金工艺的大线能量焊接用高强钢焊后CGHAZ内的主要微观组织。针状铁素体组织的交错互锁结构有效保证了CGHAZ的韧性。如何有效控制针状铁素体的形成是大线能量焊接用钢研发的关键。针状铁素体的形成机理尚未统一,影响因素错综复杂。针状铁素体的形核过程可能由多种形核机制综合控制。而针状铁素体形核的主要影响因素与钢中夹杂物的特性有直接关系。通过改善钢中夹杂物的尺寸、形貌和分布,可以提高针状铁素体的形核效率。针状铁素体的互锁组织有效地保证了CGHAZ的韧性。针状铁素体形成过程的有效控制技术不仅是CGHAZ韧性不断提高的关键,也是开发高强度易焊板产品的关键因素。此外,它与免预热焊接材料的开发密切相关,成为该领域的主要研究方向。因此,本文通过总结相关领域诸多参考文献的关键信息,梳理了大线能量焊接用钢CGHAZ针状铁素体形成过程控制技术的发展历程,探讨了CGHAZ针状铁素体的形核机理及影响因素,并列举了相关领域的主要研究成果,为大线能量焊接用钢的技术研究和产品开发提供参考。
Large heat-input welding steel is widely used in shipbuilding,ocean engineering,bridge manufacturing,crude oil storage tanks and other fields.Large heat-input welding technology of thick plates effectively saves costs and improves production efficiency,which is a key research direction that attracts much attention in the welding field at present.The welding joint is the weakest link and the performance of HAZ,especially CGHAZ,is one of the important indexes to evaluate the welding performance.Therefore,the control of CGHAZ miscrostructure and performance is an important research direction in this field.Acicular ferrite is the main microstructure in the coarse grain heat affected zone(CGHAZ)of large heat-input welding steels based on oxide metallurgy process.The interlocking microstructure of acicular ferrite effectively ensures the toughness of CGHAZ.How to effectively control the formation of acicular ferrite is the key to the development of steels for large heat-input welding.The formation mechanism of acicular ferrite has not been unified and the influencing factors are complex.The formation mechanism of acicular ferrite is different and the combination of multiple nucleation mechanisms is possible.The main influence factors of the formation of acicular ferrite are directly related to the characteristics of inclusions in steels.By improving the size,morphologies and distribution of inclusions in steels,the nucleation rate of acicular ferrite could be improved.The interlock microstructure of acicular ferrite effectively guarantees the toughness of CGHAZ.The effective control technology of acicular ferrite formation process is not only the key to the continuous improvement of toughness in CGHAZ,but also the critical factors of the development of high-strength easily welded plate products.In additon,it is closely related to the deve-lopment of non-preheating supporting welding materials,which becomes the main research direction in this fields.Based on the key information of many references in this related fields,
作者
杨宇龙
贾潇
朱伏先
王平
YANG Yulong;JIA Xiao;ZHU Fuxian;WANG Ping(Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Processing of Materials,Ministry of Education,Northeastern University,Shenyang 110819,China;State Key Laboratory of Rolling and Automation,Northeastern University,Shenyang 110819,China)
出处
《材料导报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第5期145-155,共11页
Materials Reports
基金
辽宁省科学技术计划项目(2019JH1/10100014)
中央高校基本科研专项资金资助项目(N2007009)。
