摘要
运用古蛋白质和古DNA分析,我们对阿勒泰青河县隋唐时期依希根M6石圹墓出土的一匹殉马进行了分子考古综合研究。古蛋白质组学结果明确其为家马,产生的318种肽链均与家马的骨骼形成、发育有关。古DNA结果揭示该殉马极有可能为蒙古马:1)父系Y染色体世系为rAX突变下的一个非欧亚大陆西部常见支系的新分支;2)母系线粒体世系为F1;3)生理特征相关基因推断其为栗色、耐力型、四步态、小型马(与跖骨全长推算马肩高的结果相一致)。蒙古马出现在阿勒泰地区的隋唐墓地中,可能反映了当地人群对不同品系的马匹资源的控制,选育蒙古马是一种适应山区环境的选择。
In this study,we present the aDNA and paleoproteomic results of a sacrificial horse unearthed from the tomb M6 of the Sui and Tang dynasties in the Yixigen cemetery( Qinghe county,Xinjiang).The paleoproteomic evidence suggests that this horse was a domestic horse,with its 318 identified peptides all related to the bone formation and development of the domestic horse.The patrilineal Y chromosome lineage analysis finds that this individual belonged to a new branch within the crown grouprA X,strongly indicating its oriental origin.The maternal mitochondrial lineage analysis reveals that the Yixigen horse belonged to subhaplogroup F1,a subgroup which is found in Mongol horse at a relatively higher frequency.Additional evidence pertaining to physiological characteristics( chestnut coat color,endurance,four-gaited,and small body size) and height at withers( 128.1 cm calculated by whole metatarsal) also implies that this Yixigen horse might have been a Mongolian pony.We therefore propose that,the local residents at Yixigen of the Sui and Tang dynasties were experienced breeders and might have consciously introduced the Mongolian steppe horse into the Altay mountainous region.
作者
文少卿
于建军
魏偏偏
李悦
熊建雪
孙畅
杜盼新
丁一
蒙海亮
Wen Shaoqing;Yu Jianjun;Wei Pianpian;Li Yue;Xiong Jianxue;Sun Chang;Du Panxin;Ding Yi;Meng Hailiang
出处
《西域研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第1期55-65,170,171,共13页
The Western Regions Studies
基金
国家社科基金重大项目“三到九世纪北方民族谱系研究”(项目编号:20&ZD212)的阶段性成果。
关键词
依希根墓地
分子考古
古蛋白质组学
遗传谱系
表型推测
Yixigen cemetery
molecular archaeology
palaeoproteomics
genetic lineage
phenotypic speculation
