年龄相关性黄斑变性患者领悟社会支持、掌控感与自我感受负担关系研究被引量：9

The Relationship between Social Support,Mastery and Self-perceived Burden in Patients with Age-related Macular Degeneration

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摘要目的调查年龄相关性黄斑变性患者领悟社会支持、掌控感与自我感受负担的关系,并分析掌控感在患者领悟社会支持和自我感受负担之间的中介效应。方法采用便利抽样法,选取2018年1月-2019年6月我院住院的年龄相关性黄斑变性患者298例为研究对象。采用一般资料问卷、领悟社会支持量表、个人掌控感问卷和自我感受负担量表对患者进行调查。结果患者自我感受负担总分为(34.84±6.83)分,领悟社会支持总分为(53.25±6.44)分,掌控感总分为(23.37±3.96)分;单因素分析结果显示,自我感受负担得分在病程及患病眼位比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);Pearson相关性分析结果显示,领悟社会支持、掌控感与自我感受负担呈负相关(r=-0.433,-0.646,P<0.01);多元分层回归分析结果显示,领悟社会支持及掌握感是自我感受负担的影响因素,共解释变异度的42.6%。中介效应分析结果显示,掌控感在领悟社会支持和自我感受负担间起部分中介作用,效应值为-0.331,中介效应占总效应值的64.5%。结论病程长和双眼患病的患者自我感受负担较高。领悟社会支持既可以直接影响患者的自我感受负担,也可以通过掌控感间接影响患者的自我感受负担。提示医护人员在临床进行健康宣教时应重点关注病程长及双眼患病患者的心理状况,帮助患者建立有效的家庭支持系统,同时提高患者掌控感水平,从而降低患者负性心理状态。 Objective To investigate the self-perceived burden of age-related macular degeneration patients,explore the relationship between social support,personal mastery and self-perceived burden in patients with age-related macular degeneration,and analyze mastery in patients with age-related macular degeneration mediation effect between social support and self-perceived burden.Methods 298 elderly patients with macular degeneration were investigated by general data questionnaire,perceived social support scale,personal mastery questionnaire and self-perceived burden scale.Results The total score of self-perceived burden was(34.84±6.83),the total score of perceived social support was(53.25±6.44),and the total score of personal mastery was(23.37±3.96).The self-perceived burden score of age-related macular degeneration patients had statistically significant differences between the course of disease and the eye position of the disease(P<0.05).Correlation analysis showed that the total self-perceived burden was negatively correlated with perceived social support and perceived sense of control(r=-0.433、-0.646,P<0.01).The results of multiple stratified regression analysis showed that perceived social support and sense of control were the influencing factors of perceived self-burden,which accounted for 42.6%of the variance.The mediating effect analysis showed that sense of control played a partial mediating role between perceived social support and perceived self-perceived burden in patients with age-related macular degeneration,with an effect value of-0.331,accounting for 64.5%of the total effect value.Conclusion Patients with long course of disease and binocular disease have higher self-perceived burden.Social support can directly affect the self-perceived burden of patients with age-related macular degeneration or indirectly affect the self-perceived burden of patients with macular degeneration through personal mastery.In clinical health education,medical staff should focus on the psychological status of patients with lon