摘要
在采用传统电荷转移式均衡方法中,多个单体电池之间存在着反复循环充放电现象,进而产生锂离子电池组均衡时间长、效率低的问题。针对此问题,提出一种动态式双阈值主被动均衡控制策略。首先,主被动均衡电路的开关阵列包含有N+1个开关(N为电池数目),在减少元器件数目的同时,主动均衡提高均衡效率,被动均衡在充电末期延长电池反应时间,从而更加精准地测量估算电池充电状态。其次,实验验证中加入温度干扰因素,模拟锂离子电池组的不同工况,配合主被动均衡电路,得出以电压、荷电状态(SOC)和温度作为输入量的动态式双阈值算法模型。最后,提出以SOC为分界标准的控制策略,通过实时调整不同区间中各单元控制器的充电方式,达到减少无效循环充放电次数的目的。实验结果表明,所提出的基于动态式双阈值的锂离子电池组均衡策略,适用于主被动均衡电路,可以实时调节充放电速率,减少无用循环充放电次数。充电状态下均衡时间相较于单阈值电压均衡方法缩短了15%左右,放电状态下均衡时间缩短了19%左右。
In the traditional charge transfer equalization method,there is a phenomenon of repeated charge and discharge between several single cells,which leads to the problems of long equalization time and low efficiency of lithium-ion batteries.To solve this problem,a dynamic dual threshold active passive equalization control strategy was proposed.Firstly,the switch array of the active and passive equalization circuit contained N+1 switches(N is the number of batteries).While reducing the number of components,the active equalization improves the equalization efficiency,and the passive equalization prolongs the battery reaction time at the end of charging,so as to measure and estimate the battery charging state more accurately.Secondly,the temperature interference factor was added in the experimental verification to simulate the different working conditions of lithium-ion battery pack and cooperate with the active and passive equalization circuit to obtain the dynamic double threshold algorithm model with voltage,SOC and temperature as input.Finally,a control strategy based on state of charge(SOC)was proposed to reduce the number of invalid cycles by adjusting the charging mode of each unit controller in different intervals.The experimental results show that the proposed equalization strategy based on dynamic dual threshold is suitable for active and passive equalization circuit,and can adjust the charge and discharge rate in real time and reduce the number of useless cycles.Compared with the single threshold voltage equalization method,the equalization time in the charging state is shortened by about 15%,and the equalization time in the discharge state is shortened by about 19%.
作者
王鹿军
单恩泽
WANG Lu-jun;SHAN En-ze(Hubei Key Laboratory for High-efficiency Utilization of Solar Energy and Operation Control of Energy Storage System,Hubei University of Technology,Wuhan 430068,China)
出处
《电机与控制学报》
EI
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第1期126-136,共11页
Electric Machines and Control
基金
国家自然科学基金青年项目(51607060)。
关键词
锂离子电池
动态式双阈值
单阈值
温度干扰
无效循环
主被动均衡
lithium-ion battery
dynamic double threshold
single threshold
temperature interference
invalid cycle
active passive equilibrium
