摘要
收集上海动物园2019年4—11月所有丰容项目的图片和视频共计1081项,比较了该园不同丰容类型的应用情况。结果表明:五大类丰容使用频次由高到低分别为食物丰容(39.91%)、认知丰容(22.30%)、环境丰容(21.33%)、社群丰容(13.55%)和感知丰容(2.91%)。R×C列联表卡方检验和单因素方差分析显示,动物园在两栖爬行类、鸟类、食肉类、食草类和灵长类动物丰容类型的选择上具有显著性差异(χ^(2)=180.40,P<0.01),其中食物丰容(χ^(2)=115.83,P<0.01)、环境丰容(χ^(2)=63.39,P<0.01)、认知丰容(χ^(2)=117.08,P<0.01)的具体使用方式具有显著差异,而社群丰容(χ^(2)=3.24,P>0.05)和感知丰容(χ^(2)=14.34,P>0.05)的具体方式无显著差异。研究发现,丰容类型的差异主要与不同类型动物的生物学习性、日常丰容工作开展的难易程度以及饲养员的专业知识背景有关。
A total of 1,081 images and videos were collected and analyzed in Shanghai Zoo from April to November 2019.The application of different enrichment types was compared.The results showed that the frequency of usage in five enrichment types could be listed in a descending order as such:food enrichment(39.91%),cognitive enrichment(22.30%),environmental enrichment(21.33%),community enrichment(13.55%),and sensory enrichment(2.91%).There were significant differences in food enrichment,environmental enrichment,community enrichment,cognitive enrichment and sensory enrichment among amphibians,reptiles,birds,carnivores,herbivores and primates(χ^(2)=180.40,P<0.01),using the R×C Contingency Table with Chi-square test and one-way ANOVA test.In the specific ways of enrichment,amphibians and reptiles,birds,carnivores,herbivores and primates all had significant differences in selecting food enrichment(χ^(2)=115.83,P<0.01),environmental enrichment(χ^(2)=63.39,P<0.01),and cognitive enrichment(χ^(2)=117.08,P<0.01),but there was no significant difference in the specific ways of community enrichment(χ^(2)=3.24,P>0.05)and sensory enrichment(χ^(2)=14.34,P>0.05).According to the analysis,this is mainly related to biological differences of animal taxa,levels of difficulty in daily enrichment work and zoo keepers professional knowledge.
作者
黄康宁
HUANG Kangning(Shanghai Zoo,Shanghai,200335,China)
出处
《野生动物学报》
北大核心
2022年第1期224-230,共7页
CHINESE JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE
基金
上海动物园科技攻关项目(SZ180309)。
