摘要
背景:阿尔茨海默病是一种大脑细胞神经元丢失的中枢神经系统退行性疾病,主要表现为认知功能障碍和记忆力下降。大脑突触可塑性异常是导致阿尔茨海默病认知功能下降的重要原因。大量研究显示,有氧运动介入对阿尔茨海默病认知功能衰退有显著改善作用,但关于有氧运动改善突触可塑性的机制及有氧运动对突触可塑性的影响缺乏系统、全面的认识。目的:针对国内外学者有关有氧运动刺激诱导突触可塑性及其缓解阿尔茨海默病患者大脑认知功能下降进行全面综述,揭示有氧运动激活阿尔茨海默病患者大脑认知的保护作用机制,从而为有氧运动预防和延缓阿尔茨海默病病理进程提供理论基础及实践参考。方法:由第一作者在ELSEVIER、Web of Science及PubMed数据库中,以“Aerobic exercise,synaptic plasticity,cognitive function,exercise training,physical activity,cognitive neuroscience,Alzheimer’s disease”为英文检索词检索;在中国知网和万方数据库中,以“有氧运动、突触可塑性、认知功能、运动训练、身体活动、认知神经科学、阿尔茨海默病”为中文检索词进行检索,根据研究需要确立相应的入选标准,对最终筛选所得的82篇文献进行论述。结果与结论:有氧运动激活分子机制介导大脑突触可塑性靶向效应可以改善阿尔茨海默病患者的认知功能。①有氧运动可以通过调控分子信号通路抑制淀粉样β蛋白沉积和Tau毒性蛋白磷酸化、提高脑内神经营养因子表达、调控线粒体的生物发生以及减轻线粒体功能障碍,改善脑内微环境,刺激突触可塑性积极变化。②有氧运动干预在调控阿尔茨海默病患者认知能力方面具有积极效果,中低等强度有氧运动能够提高突触可塑性相关蛋白表达,减少突触丢失;高频率有氧运动可促进突触密度增加;中长期有氧运动可以持续上调大脑突触相关蛋白分子水
BACKGROUND:Alzheimer’s disease is a degenerative disease of the central nervous system with the loss of brain cells and neurons,mainly manifested as cognitive dysfunction and memory decline.Abnormal synaptic plasticity is an important cause of cognitive decline in patients with Alzheimer’s disease.Numerous studies have shown that aerobic exercise can significantly improve patient’s cognitive decline due to Alzheimer’s disease;however,there is a lack of systematic and comprehensive understanding of the mechanism by which aerobic exercise improves synaptic plasticity as well as the effect of aerobic exercise on synaptic plasticity.OBJECTIVE:To comprehensively review the domestic and foreign literature on the synaptic plasticity induced by aerobic exercise stimulation and its alleviation of cognitive decline in Alzheimer’s disease patients,and to reveal the mechanism by which aerobic exercise improves cognitive function of Alzheimer’s disease patients,so as to provide theoretical basis and practical reference for the prevention and delay of Alzheimer’s disease progression by aerobic exercise.METHODS:The first author retrieved relevant literature in ELSEVIER,Web of Science,PubMed,CNKI,and WanFang using the keywords of“aerobic exercise,synaptic plasticity,cognitive function,exercise training,physical activity,cognitive neuroscience,Alzheimer’s disease”in English and Chinese,respectively.As per the inclusion criteria,82 documents were finally selected and discussed.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Aerobic exercise can activate brain synaptic plasticity at molecular level to improve cognitive function in patients with Alzheimer’s disease.(1)Aerobic exercise can inhibit amyloidβdeposition and aberrant phosphorylation of Tau protein,promote brain neurotrophic factor expression,regulate mitochondrial biogenesis,and reduce mitochondrial dysfunction through molecular signaling pathways,thereby improving brain microenvironment and stimulating the positive changes in synaptic plasticity.(2)Aerobic exercise interve
作者
阳金鑫
王坤
赵静
陈佩杰
张庭然
卢文云
罗炯
Yang Jinxin;Wang Kun;Zhao Jing;Chen Peijie;Zhang Tingran;Lu Wenyun;Luo Jiong(Sports Detoxification Research Center,School of Physical Education,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China;School of Leisure,Shanghai University of Sport,Shanghai 200438,China)
出处
《中国组织工程研究》
CAS
北大核心
2022年第26期4216-4223,共8页
Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目(19ZDA352),项目负责人:陈佩杰。
关键词
有氧运动
阿尔茨海默病
认知功能
突触可塑性
神经营养因子
线粒体发生
运动频率
运动时间
运动强度
aerobic exercise
Alzheimer’s disease
cognitive function
synaptic plasticity
neurotrophic factor
mitochondrial genesis
exercise frequency
exercise time
exercise intensity
