摘要
目的 探究老年泌尿道感染患者的病原菌分布特点以及耐药状况。方法 选取2018年1月至2020年5月于盘锦辽油宝石花医院泌尿外科诊治的老年泌尿道感染患者1340例为研究对象,均采集尿标本进行细菌培养,分析病原菌的分布特点,并进行药敏试验。结果 本组1340例患者共分离出378株病原菌,检出率28.21%;其中革兰阴性菌占64.81%,高于革兰阳性菌的23.28%和真菌的11.91%(P<0.05);革兰阳性菌中以肠球菌和金黄色葡萄球菌为主,革兰阴性菌中以大肠埃希菌和克雷伯属为主,真菌中以白色假丝酵母菌为主。耐药性检测发现:革兰阳性菌(肠球菌属、金黄色葡萄球菌、凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌)均对万古霉素和替考拉宁无耐药,而对氨基糖苷类、青霉素类、喹诺酮类等抗生素耐药率较高;革兰阴性菌(大肠埃希菌、克雷伯属)对亚胺培南的耐药率低,但对头孢菌素类、氨基糖苷类、喹诺酮类等抗生素的耐药率高。革兰阴性菌中大肠埃希菌的产ESBLs菌株的检出率最高,为42.11%,其次为克雷伯属的18.52%。结论 老年泌尿道感染患者的病原菌以革兰阴性菌为主,且革兰阴性菌和革兰阳性菌均对常用的抗生素耐药率偏高,其中革兰阳性菌对糖肽类抗生素耐药率低,革兰阴性菌对碳青霉烯类抗生素耐药率最低,临床上应加强对患者的病原菌培养,指导临床用药。
Objective To investigate the distribution characteristics and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria in elderly patients with urinary tract infection.Methods A total of 1340 cases of elderly patients with urinary tract infection who were diagnosed and treated in the Department of Urology of Panjin Liao You Treasure Stone Flower Hospital from January 2018 to May 2020 were selected as the research objects.Urine samples were collected for bacterial culture,and the distribution characteristics of pathogenic bacteria were analyzed,and the drug sensitivity test was conducted.Results A total of 378 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated from 1340 patients,with a detection rate of 28.21%.Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 64.81%,which was higher than 23.28%of Gram-positive bacteria and 11.91%of fungi(P<0.05).Enterococcus and staphylococcus aureus were the main strains of Gram-positive bacteria;escherichia coli and klebsiella were the main strains of Gram-negative bacteria;candida albicans was the main strains of fungi.According to the drug resistance test,no resistance to vancomycin or teicoplanin was observed in Gram-positive bacteria(enterococcus,staphylococcus aureus,coagulase-negative staphylococcus),while the resistance rates to aminoglycosides,penicillin,quinolones and other antibiotics were higher.In Gram-negative bacteria(Escherichia coli,Klebsiella),low resistance to imipenem,but high resistance to cephalosporins,aminoglycosides,quinolones and other antibiotics were observed.Among Gram-negative bacteria,the ESBLs-producing strain of escherichia coli had the highest detection rate(42.11%),followed by klebsiella(18.52%).Conclusion Gram-negative bacteria are the main pathogenic bacteria in the elderly patients with urinary tract infection,and both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria have a high drug resistance rate to commonly used antibiotics.Gram-negative bacteria are the main pathogenic bacteria in the elderly patients with urinary tract infection,and both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria ha
作者
何磊
HE Lei(Department of Laboratory Medicine,Panjin Liao You Treasure Stone Flower Hospital,Panjin124010,China)
出处
《中国现代医生》
2022年第1期144-147,共4页
China Modern Doctor
关键词
老年泌尿道感染
病原菌分布
耐药率
革兰阴性菌
革兰阳性菌
真菌
Urinary tract infection in the elderly
Distribution of pathogenic bacteria
Drug resistance rate
Gram-negative bacteria(GNB)
Gram-positive bacteria(GPB)
Fungi
