摘要
世界动物卫生组织(OIE)禽流感(AI)标准对各国AI防控、监测、应急机制制定以及禽及其产品流通贸易具有重要的指导和规范作用。通过梳理OIE-AI标准修订历史沿革,从禽及其产品进出口贸易要求以及AI状态、监测、病原灭活等方面分析了2003、2005、2008和2021年版标准的修订情况、具体条款,以及这些条款的变化对世界各国相关贸易和AI防控提出的新要求。2021年版AI标准较2008年版进行了较大范围的修改,内容聚集于高致病性禽流感(HPAI),增加了野鸟群体监测、早期预警和低致病性AI群体监视等重要内容,明确了通报要求、无疫状态定义和无疫状态恢复的条件,优化了区域化和生物安全隔离区实施指南以及基于商品的特定风险缓解措施,补充了安全商品和感染隔离区等条款。建议我国积极参加OIE标准制修订,推动我国标准法规的制定及完善工作,积极开展AI防控,合理建立AI监测体系和HPAI生物安全隔离区,加强禽类产品进出境检疫。
The avian influenza(AI)standard proposed by the World Organization for Animal Health(OIE)has played an important role in guiding and standardizing the prevention and control,monitoring and development of emergency mechanism against AI as well as the movement and trade of poultry and its products in OIE members. In the paper,the revisions to OIE-AI standards in 2003,2005,2008 and 2021 versions,the specific clauses and new requirements for relevant trade and AI prevention and control in OIE members brought by the changes were analyzed from the aspects of the historically revisions of the standard,import and export trade requirements of poultry and its products,AI status,monitoring and pathogen inactivation. Compared with 2008 version,2021 version was modified in a larger scope,focusing on HPAI,key contents such as monitoring of wild bird population and low pathogenic AI population as well as early warning were added,notification requirements,definition and recovery of epidemic free status were clarified,the implementation guidelines of regionalization and compartmentization as well as specific risk mitigation measures based on commodities were optimized,and the provisions such as safe goods and infection quarantine zones were supplemented. It was thereby recommended that China should actively participate in the formulation and revision to OIE standards,promote the formulation and improvement of national standards and regulations,actively carry out prevention and control measures against AI,reasonably establish AI monitoring system and compartments free from high pathogenic avian influenza(HPAI),and strengthen quarantine for entry and exit poultry products.
作者
王岩
邴睿
王涛
张慧
王媛媛
朱琳
肖肖
苏红
李卫华
滕翔雁
Wang Yan;Bing Rui;Wang Tao;Zhang Hui;Wang Yuanyuan;Zhu Lin;Xiao Xiao;Su Hong;Li Weihua;Teng Xiangyan(China Animal Health And Epidemiology Center,Qingdao,Shandong 266032,China;Longnan Center for Animal Disease Prevention and Control,Longnan,Gansu 742500,China;Qingdao Smart Rural Development Service Center,Qingdao,Shandong 266000,China)
出处
《中国动物检疫》
CAS
2022年第2期67-73,共7页
China Animal Health Inspection