摘要
西南涡及其天气影响是高原气象学的一个主要方向,而西南涡的涡源则是其基本的科学问题。由于地形与环流的相互作用是西南涡涡源形成的重要机制,一直是研究关注的重点。本文回顾了近10年来西南涡涡源研究的新进展,尤其是认识到:由于地形与环流的多尺度影响,西南涡的生成涡源具有多尺度分布特征,且不同涡源西南涡的结构、演变、成因和影响都具有明显差异;西南涡的不同涡源存在相互联系,九龙、小金等上游涡源对盆地等下游涡源具有显著的影响;西南涡的"上游涡源效应"、复杂地形下的大气重力波、降水引起的大气内部过程、东亚季风环流的异常影响等也是西南涡涡源的形成机制之一,大气外源强迫作用和大气内部变化过程都对西南涡涡源具有突出的作用。并且,进一步强调了西南涡涡源的研究还面临精细观测与基础数据较薄弱、涡源及演变的多尺度结构不清楚、不同涡源的形成原因认识不深入、不同涡源低涡的演变及其影响研究不系统等主要问题。最后指出,高分辨率观测试验、内部结构与异常特征、演变过程及形成机制、区域气候响应影响等是西南涡涡源问题未来的研究重点,对西南涡系统及其影响的预测理论和关键技术发展有着重要的意义。
Southwest China Vortex(SWCV)and its weather influences are one of the main directions in Plateau Meteorology,and the vortex source of SWCV is a basic scientific problem. Because the interaction between topography and circulation is the important formation mechanism for the vortex source of SWCV,it always has been the focus of attention in SWCV researches. The new related progresses in researches of the vortex source of SWCV system are reviewed in this paper for the last 10 years. In particular,it is recognized that because of the multi-scale effects between the topography and circulation,the vortex source of SWCV has the multi-scale characteristic of its distribution,and there are obviously differences between the structure、evolution、cause and influence of SWCV with the different vortex sources. The vortex sources of SWCV have closely connection each other. The upper-reach vortex sources such as Jiulong、Xiaojin have an important effect on the lower-reach vortex sources such as the Basin. The“effect of upper-reach vortex source”of SWCV,atmospheric gravity wave connecting with the complex topography,internal atmospheric process induced by precipitation,and the anomalous influences of East Asia monsoon are also the formation mechanisms for the vortex source of SWCV. External atmospheric forcing and internal atmospheric process all play an important role for the formation of the vortex source of SWCV. But,for research on the vortex source of SWCV,there are some problems such as being weaker in fine observation and basic data,being unknown for the multi-scale structures of the vortex source and its evolution,being not deep to understand the formation cause of different vortex sources and being incomplete in study of the SWCV evolutions and its effects of different vortex sources. And finally,it is pointed out that high resolution observation-experiment,internal structure and abnormal characteristics,evolution process and formation mechanism,and the effects of regional response to climate change on vortex sou
作者
李跃清
LI Yueqing(Institute of Plateau Meteorology,China Meteorological Administration(CMA),Chengdu,Chengdu 610072,Sichuan,China;Heavy Rain and Drought-Flood Disasters in Plateau and Basin Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,Chengdu 610072,Sichuan,China)
出处
《高原气象》
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第6期1394-1406,共13页
Plateau Meteorology
基金
国家自然科学基金重大研究计划集成项目(91937301)
国家自然科学基金重点项目(42030611)
第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究项目(2019QZKK0105,2019QZKK0103)
中铁二院科学技术研究计划项目[KYY2020066(20-22)]。
关键词
西南涡
涡源
研究
进展
Southwest China Vortex
vortex source
research
progress
