摘要
目的了解荆州市高危人群规模,估计2019年荆州市存活HIV/AIDS人数,掌握艾滋病疫情的流行状况、变化趋势,为制定艾滋病防治决策、规划、评价防治效果提供重要参考依据。方法依据荆州市人口学数据、收集整理历年艾滋病病例报告、主要高危人群类型及感染率等资料,采用Workbook模型,对荆州市2019年高危人群规模、艾滋病疫情进行估计,并采用卡方检验来比较艾滋病疫情估计与实际病例报告中性别和传播途径构成的差异。结果估计2019年荆州市现存活成年艾滋病病毒感染者(HIV)和艾滋病患者(AIDS)人数为3 054例,HIV感染率为5.41/万,估计检测发现比例为68.50%。高危人群规模估计为76 594~178 036人,其中注射吸毒者1 240~6 776人,男男性行为人群为14 694~22 980人,暗娼数为6 740~13 480人,嫖客人数为53 920~134 800人。现存活者中,有异性途径传播1 766(57.83%)例,同性途径传播1 248(40.86%)例,注射毒品传播40(4.31%)例。结论荆州市艾滋病疫情持续控制在低流行水平,还有将近1/3的感染者没有被发现。传播途径以同性传播为主,异性传播中配偶/固定性伴传播也占有一定比例。在下一步工作中,需要扩大高危人群艾滋病抗体检测覆盖面,提高艾滋病感染者病人的告知和流调质量,有必要探索和尝试更有效方式督促感染者及时将感染状况告知其配偶或有性关系者并主动采取预防措施,降低传播的风险。
Objective To understand the scale of high-risk populations in Jingzhou, estimate the number of surviving human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)/acquired immune deficiency syndrome(AIDS) cases in Jingzhou in 2019,and clear the prevalence and trend of the AIDS epidemic,in order to provide an important reference for making AIDS prevention and control decisions,planning, and evaluating the effectiveness of prevention and treatment. Methods Based on the demographic data of Jingzhou, the study collected and sorted out the data on AIDS case reports over the years,the types of main high-risk groups,and infection rates. The Workbook model was used to estimate the size of high-risk groups and the AIDS epidemic in Jingzhou in 2019,and the chi-square test was used to compare the difference in the composition of gender and the transmission route between the estimated AIDS epidemic situation and the actual case reports.Results It was estimated that in 2019, the number of surviving adults with HIV and AIDS in Jingzhou was 3 054,the HIV infection rate was 541/10 000,and the estimated rate of detection was68.50%. The scale of the high-risk populations was estimated to be 76 594 to 178 036, including1 240 to 6 776 of injecting drug users,14 694 to 22 980 of men who had sex with men,6 740 to13 480 of prostitutes, and 53 920 to 134 800 of brothel frequenters. Among the current survivors,1 766(57.83%) cases were infected by heterosexual transmissions, 1 248(40.86%) cases were infected by same-sex transmissions,and 40(4.31%) cases were infected by drug injection.Conclusions The AIDS epidemic in Jingzhou continues to be controlled at a low prevalence level,and nearly one-third of the infected people have not been detected. Transmission channels are mainly homosexual transmission,while heterosexual transmission between spouse/fixed sexual partner also accounts for a certain proportion. In the next step,it is necessary to expand the coverage of HIV antibody testing in high-risk groups and improve the quality of notification and epidemiologica
作者
孙春
蔺茂文
刘锐
张凡
李舒超
SUN Chun;LIN Mao-wen;LIU Rui;ZHANG Fan;LI Shu-chao(Jingzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Jingzhou 434000,Hubei Province,China)
出处
《预防医学情报杂志》
CAS
2022年第1期94-98,共5页
Journal of Preventive Medicine Information
