摘要
目的了解广州市社区老年人营养状况及其影响因素与协同模式。方法2019年1—12月,采用便利抽样方法,选择广州市某社区卫生服务中心参加健康检查的513名老年人为研究对象。采用基于Apriori算法的关联规则分析探索社区老年人营养状况与慢性疾病等健康数据的关联性及协同模式。结果社区老年人营养不良检出率为17.54%。是否高脂血症、锻炼不足和心电图异常的社区老人营养不良检出比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。网格图分析显示,社区老年人营养不良、糖尿病、尿常规异常、吸烟、饮酒和不健康饮食间可能存在较强的关联性和协同情况。关联规则显示,常见协同模式包括营养不良与锻炼不足、高龄、心电图异常模式(支持度:20.66%,置信度:27.36%),营养不良与吸烟、心电图异常模式(支持度:16.57%,置信度:25.89%),营养不良与不适症状、高龄模式(支持度:15.98%,置信度:28.05%),营养不良与锻炼不足、高血压、高龄模式(支持度:15.40%,置信度:29.11%)。Logistic回归分析显示,高龄和锻炼不足是老年人营养不良发生的危险因素(均P<0.05);高脂血症是老年人营养不良检出率的保护因素(P<0.05)。结论广州市社区老年人营养状况不容乐观。应重点关注高龄、锻炼不足等不良健康生活方式的老年人的营养健康情况。
Objective To explore the nutritional status and collaboration models of the community-dwelling elderly people in Guangzhou City.Methods Using convenience sampling method,513 elderly people who participated in physical examination in a community health service center in Guangzhou from January to December 2019 were selected as the study objects.The association rules analysis based on Apriori algorithm was used to explore the association and collaborative models between nutrition status and chronic diseases among community-dwelling elderly people.Results The detection rate of malnutrition in community-dwelling elderly people was 17.54%.There was statistically significant differences in the detection rate of malnutrition among elderly peo ple who have hyperlipidemia,lack of exercise and abnormal ECG or not.Grid analysis showed that malnutrition,diabetes,abnormal urine routine,smoking,drinking and unhealthy diet had strong correlation and collaboration among community-dwelling elderly people.Association rules showed that the common collaborative models included model of malnutrition and lack of exercise,advanced age,abnormal ECG(support:20.66%,confidence:27.36%),model of malnutrition and smoking,abnormal ECG(support:16.57%,confidence:27.36%),model of malnutrition and discomfort symptoms,advanced age(support:15.98%,confidence:28.05%),model of malnutrition and lack of exercise,hypertension,advanced age(support:15.40%,confidence:29.11%).Logistic regression analysis showed that advanced age and lack of exercise were the risk factors of malnutrition in the elderly people(both P<0.05),and the hyperlipidemia was the protective factor for the detection rate of malnutrition in the elderly people(P<0.05).Conclusion The nutritional status of the community-dwelling elderly people in Guangzhou City is not optimistic.More attention should be pay to the nutrition and health status of the elderly people,especially for the advanced age and people with unhealthy lifestyle factors,such as lack of exercise.
作者
林伟权
孙敏英
王畅
刘览
利耀辉
杨韵鸥
刘慧
林国桢
LIN Wei-quan;SUN Min-ying;WANG Chang;LIU Lan;LI Yao-hui;YANG Yun-ou;LIU Hui;LIN Guo-zhen(Department of Primary Public Health,Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Guangzhou Guangdong,510440,China;Institute of Public Health,Guangzhou Medical University&Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Guangzhou Guangdong,510440,China)
出处
《职业与健康》
CAS
2021年第24期3415-3418,共4页
Occupation and Health
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(72104061,72072191)
广州市卫生健康科技计划项目(20191A011054,20201A011058,20201A011064)
广州市医学重点学科建设项目(2021-2023-12)
广州市重点实验室基础研究计划项目(2021BRP004)。
关键词
老年人
营养状况
协同模式
影响因素
Elderly people
Nutritional status
Collaboration model
Influencing factors
