摘要
在当前碳中和背景下,人类向着“少碳、用碳与无碳”的CO_(2)减排之路前行。CO_(2)捕集、利用与封存技术(CCUS)作为最直接的“碳中和”技术策略,为促进大气CO_(2)净减排发挥了重要作用。然而,当前CCUS技术普遍面临着低效率、高能耗、高成本的技术难题,限制了该类技术的大规模应用与推广。近年来,随着可再生电能的不断发展,CO_(2)减排与能源体系耦合的电池技术、储能技术应运而生,这类CO_(2)能源化利用技术有望解决当前CCUS技术体系高能耗、高成本的技术难题,同时,有利于新能源的周期性消纳。然而,在这类CO_(2)能源化利用技术中,主要是将CO_(2)作为一种能源介质,对外输出的能量并非来自CO_(2)本身;但是,CO_(2)转变为碳酸盐的过程是化学位降低的反应过程,意味着CO_(2)本身也是一种潜在的能源。作者利用这一热力学有利的反应,成功开发了利用CO_(2)本身蕴含的能量进行深度发电的CO_(2)矿化发电技术,并将CO2矿化电池的最大功率密度提升至了96.75 W/m^(2)。
Under the current background of carbon neutrality,mankind is moving forward on the road of“less carbon,use carbon and no carbon”to reduce CO_(2) emission.As the most effective“carbon neutrality”technology strategy,CO_(2) capture,utilization and storage technology(CCUS)has played an important role in promoting the net reduction of atmospheric CO_(2).However,low efficiency and high energy consumption are issues preventing current CCUS technology from industrial large-scale application.In recent years,with the continuous development of renewable electricity,battery and energy storage technologies that couple CO_(2) emission reduction and energy system have emerged.The CO_(2) energy utilization technology offers a solution for efficient CO_(2) emission reduction technology which is conductive to the periodic consumption of new energy.However,CO_(2) is mainly used as an energy medium in this type of CO_(2) energy utilization technology,and the external energy output does not stem from CO_(2)itself.It is worth noting that the process of converting CO_(2)to carbonate is a reaction with lowering the chemical potential,which means that CO_(2)itself is also a potential energy source.The author of this article uses this thermodynamically favorable reaction to successfully develop CO_(2)mineralized power generation technology which utilizes the energy contained in CO_(2)itself for deep power generation.And in recent studies,the maximum power density of the CO_(2)mineralization cell has been increased to 96.75 W/m^(2).
作者
谢和平
刘涛
吴一凡
王云鹏
陈彬
廖海龙
XIE Heping;LIU Tao;WU Yifan;WANG Yunpeng;CHEN Bin;LIAO Hailong(Inst.of New Energy and Low-Carbon Technol.,Sichuan Univ.,Chengdu 610065,China;Inst.of Deep Earth Sci.and Green Energy,Shenzhen Univ.,Shenzhen 518060,China;School of Chemical Eng.,Sichuan Univ.,Chengdu 610065,China)
出处
《工程科学与技术》
EI
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第1期145-156,共12页
Advanced Engineering Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(2020YFH0012)。
关键词
碳中和
CO_(2)能源化利用
电池
carbon neutrality
CO_(2)energy utilization technology
battery
