摘要
儿童乘坐校车时常呈现多种"离位"坐姿,有必要开展多种儿童坐姿下,常开式安全气囊的优化设计研究,明确12岁儿童的损伤阈值。为此构建并验证校车的仿真模型,搭建校车和常开式安全气囊的耦合模型。选取躺卧坐姿、右倾坐姿作为12岁儿童乘员的典型"离位"坐姿,并针对正常坐姿、躺卧坐姿和右倾坐姿,以加权伤害指标为优化目标,基于响应面代理模型和改进型NSGA-Ⅱ算法,权衡确定常开式安全气囊的主要设计参数的最优配置为:泄气阀开度199.73%、泄气阀开启压力1.1628×105Pa、安装点高度0.362 8 m和中部拉带长度0.315 2 m。结果表明:3种儿童坐姿下,具备最优配置的常开式安全气囊能够最大限度地提升12岁儿童乘员的安全性。
Children often present a variety of“Out of Position”sitting positions when taking school buses.It is necessary to carry out the optimal design of the normally-open airbag for the condition of various child sitting positions. Firstly,the injury thresholds of the 12-year-old children are determined. The simulation model of the school bus is built and verified;and the coupling model of the school bus and the normally-open airbag is established.Then,the slouchy sitting position and the right-leaning sitting position are selected as the typical“Out-of-Position”sitting positions of the 12-year-old child occupant. Finally,for the normal sitting position,the slouchy sitting position and the right-leaning sitting position,taking the weighted injury criterion as the optimization target,based on the response surface proxy model and the improved NSGA-Ⅱ algorithm,the optimal configuration of the normallyopen airbag’s main design parameters are weighed and determined,with the opening degree of the snuffle valve199.73%,the initial pressure of the snuffle valve 1.1628×10;Pa,the height of the installation position 0.3628 m and the middle strap length 0.3152 m. Under the three types of child sitting positions,the normally-open airbag with the optimal configuration can maximally improve the safety of the 12-year-old child occupant.
作者
刘刚
洪亮
葛如海
Liu Gang;Hong Liang;Ge Ruhai(School of Automotive and Traffic Engineering,Jiangsu University,Zhenjiang 212013;Goodbaby International Holdings lid.,Kunshan 215331;School of Automobile Engineering,Changshu Institute of Technology,Changshu 215500)
出处
《汽车工程》
EI
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第1期94-104,共11页
Automotive Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金(51805224)
中国博士后科学基金(2020M671307)
江苏省资助博士后研究人员计划(2019Z061)
江苏省博士后科研资助计划(2019K043)资助。
关键词
“离位”坐姿
儿童乘员
校车
正面碰撞
常开式安全气囊
优化设计
“out of position”sitting positions
child occupant
school bus
frontal collision
normally-open airbag
optimal design
