摘要
本文以‘长剑’辣椒为试材,研究黄腐酸(FA)肥料替代部分化肥对设施辣椒根区环境、氮代谢、不同器官中的氮磷钾含量及其利用效率的影响。试验包括5个处理,分别为CK:100%化肥,不加黄腐酸肥料;T1:减施45%化肥+600 kg·hm^(-2)黄腐酸肥料;T2:减施30%化肥+600 kg·hm^(-2)黄腐酸肥料;T3:减施15%化肥+600 kg·hm^(-2)黄腐酸肥料;T4:不减施化肥+600 kg·hm^(-2)黄腐酸肥料。结果表明,与CK相比,T1、T2、T3和T4处理的根区土壤酶活性和微生物数量多显著增加,但T1处理的根系活力较CK显著下降,T3处理的显著增加,T2和T4处理则与CK无差异;T3和T4辣椒叶片叶的全氮、蛋白氮和非蛋白氮含量明显高于CK,而T1、T2与CK差异不显著;T3的可溶性蛋白质含量显著高于CK,T1明显低于CK,而T2和T4与CK差异不显著。T3、T4的游离氨基酸含量分别比CK高36.4%和40.9%,T1、T2虽然低于T4,但显著高于CK。硝酸还原酶(NR)活性以T3处理最高,T1、T2和T4其次,均显著高于CK。T2、T3、T4处理的谷氨酸合成酶(GOGAT)分别比CK高33.4%、39.8%、25.6%,T1与CK差异不显著。T1、T2、T3、T4的谷氨酰胺合成酶(GS)活性依次升高,且均显著高于CK。谷氨酸脱氢酶(GDH)活性以T3处理最高,明显大于CK,T1、T2、T3均与CK无显著差异;T1、T2、T3和T4辣椒不同器官中的氮、磷、钾含量多高于CK。与CK相比,T1、T2、T3和T4处理的氮素利用效率增加37.2%~62.2%,磷素利用效率增加38.6%~69.5%,钾素利用效率增加24.7%~56.8%。在本试验条件下,黄腐酸与减施不同比例的化肥配施可改善根区土壤环境,促进氮代谢进而增加元素利用效率,且以T3处理即FA与减施15%化肥配施的效果最好。
The ’Changjian’ pepper was used as the material and a field experiment was designed to study the effect of fulvic acid fertilizer replacing some of the chemical fertilizer on the root soil environment, nitrogen metabolism, the contents of nitrogen(N), phosphorus(P) and potassium(K) in different organs as well as their utilization efficiency of pepper in solar-greenhouse. There were five treatments, including control(100% chemical fertilizer and no fulvic acid fertilizer), T1(reduce chemical fertilizer 45%+600 kg·hm^(-2)fulvic acid fertilizer), T2(reduce chemical fertilizer 30%+600 kg·hm^(-2)fulvic acid fertilizer), T3(reduce chemical fertilizer 15%+600 kg·hm^(-2)fulvic acid fertilizer), T4(100% chemical fertilizer+600 kg·hm^(-2)fulvic acid fertilizer) respectively. The results showed that enzyme activities and microbial quantity in rhizosphere soil of T1,T2,T3,T4 treatments mostly increased compared with the control. Root activity was distinctly lower in T1 while significantly higher in T3 than in the control;no differences were observed in root activity between T2,T4 and the control.The contents of total nitrogen, protein nitrogen, non-protein nitrogen was significantly higher in T3 and T4 leaves, whereas,no distinct difference was observed in above parameters among T1, T2 and the control leaves. The soluble protein content was distinctly higher in T3 leaves, while significantly lower in T1 leaves than in the control leaves;no obvious differences were found in soluble protein content among T2, T4 and the control leaves. The free amino acid content in T3 and T4 leaves increased by 36.4% and 40.9% respectively compared with the control plants. T1 and T2 leaves showed significantly lower content of free amino acid than T4 leaves, but they revealed distinctly higher content than the control plants. The nitrate reductase(NR) activity was higher obviously in T3, T1, T2 and T4 than in control plants. The glutamate synthase(GOGAT)activity also increased by 33.4%, 39.8%, 25.6% in T2, T3 and T4 plants compared wit
作者
张晓宇
高原
刘彩娟
李剑
艾希珍
毕焕改
ZHANG Xiao-yu;GAO Yuan;LIU Cai-juan;LI Jian;AI Xi-zhen;BI Huan-gai(College of Horticulture Science and Engineering/Shandong Agricultural University,Tai’an 271018,China;State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology,Tai’an 271018,China;Shandong Yunnong Zhide Inspection and Testing Co.,Ltd.,Tai’an 271000,China)
出处
《山东农业大学学报（自然科学版）》
北大核心
2021年第6期893-902,共10页
Journal of Shandong Agricultural University：Natural Science Edition
基金
山东省重点研发项目(2019GNC106047)
山东省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(SDAIT-05-10)
山东“双一流”奖补资金(SYL2017YSTD06)
山东省重大科技创新工程项目(2019JZZY010707,2019JZZY010715)。
关键词
辣椒
施肥
元素利用效率
Pepper
fertilization
element utilization efficiency
