摘要
【目的】明确苹果新品种瑞雪(Malus domestica Borkh.‘Ruixue’)的采后贮藏特性,为其进一步推广提供参考。【方法】以陕西白水苹果试验站采摘的套袋瑞雪苹果为试验材料,设置低温(0±0.5)℃和常温(20±2)℃2个处理,研究其贮藏期间呼吸强度、乙烯释放速率、表面色泽、硬度和可溶性固形物、可滴定酸、维生素C含量的变化,以及病害发生情况。【结果】0℃贮藏能够较好地维持瑞雪苹果的水分、硬度和可溶性固形物、可滴定酸和维生素C含量,抑制果皮色泽变暗、变黄,呼吸高峰和乙烯高峰分别出现在贮藏后45 d和60 d,贮藏120 d之后,出现虎皮病。常温贮藏30 d之内,果实品质维持较好,30 d之后,果实营养物质流失严重,呼吸高峰和乙烯高峰分别出现在贮藏后20 d和50 d,常温贮藏期间,虎皮病、苦痘病、腐烂病发病严重,果柄褐变增多,果皮油腻化严重。【结论】瑞雪苹果在低温下的耐贮性较好,但贮藏120 d时,开始出现虎皮病。常温条件下瑞雪果实迅速老化,出现各种病害,建议20~30 d内及时销售食用。
【Objective】As a new yellow and late-ripening apple variety,Ruixue apple was selected by the team of Northwest A&F University by crossing Qinfu No.1 with Pink Lady.It has strong flavor and unique clear fragrance smell and is well accepted by consumers.In order to clarify the storage characteristics of Ruixue apples,the experiment was undertaken to understand the physiological characteristics,quality changes and disease occurrence during fruit storage,and to provide references for its further promotion.【Methods】The vigorous 5-year-old Ruixue apples grown at the Baishui Apple Experimental Demonstration Station of Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University of Shanxi Province were used as materials.They were picked at normal maturity.The single fruit was covered with foamed nets and shipped back to the laboratory in a box and placed at room temperature for 24 hours.The field heat in fruits was eliminated.The fruits were selected with same size and uniform coloring,and without pests,diseases,and mechanical damage,randomly divided into two groups,put in fruit baskets lined with polyethylene plastic film,and stored at low temperature(0±0.5℃)and normal temperature(20±2℃),respectively.The regular samples were taken to determine the surface color,hardness,soluble solids,and titratable acid of the fruit.At the same time,the samples were frozen and ground with liquid nitrogen and stored in an ultra-low temperature refrigerator at-80℃for the determination of vitamin C content and enzyme activity related to maturation and senescence.In addition,a part of the fruits were fixed to determine the respiratory intensity,ethylene release rate,weight loss rate,and external fruit appearance and skin brown disease and decay rates were examined.According to the physiological and biochemical quality and appearance changes of fruits under normal temperature and low-temperature,the storage characteristics of Ruixue apples were clarified.【Results】Under the condition of 0℃cold storage,Ruixue apples can better maintain
作者
刘琼梅
高习习
刘洪冲
周会玲
马慧
LIU Qiongmei;GAO Xixi;LIU Hongchong;ZHOU Huiling;MAHui(College of Horticulture,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,Shaanxi,China)
出处
《果树学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第1期112-120,共9页
Journal of Fruit Science
基金
陕西省自然科学基础研究计划(2021JZ-15)
西北农林科技大学试验示范站基地科技创新与成果转化(TGZX2020-28)。
关键词
瑞雪苹果
温度
贮藏特性
Ruixue apple
Temperature
Storage characteristics
