摘要
目的:探究跌倒潜在的相关性因素,为北京市社区中老年人群提供预防跌倒的参考方案。方法 :2017年11月至2018年7月,采用现场问卷调查的形式筛查来自北京市朝阳区、丰台区10个社区中老年人共计1 642例,问卷内容包括受试者的基本信息、生活方式、基础疾病及饮食习惯,通过t检验及χ^(2)检验初步分析各因素与跌倒之间的关系,并通过Logistic回归方法进一步分析被调查人群跌倒可能的影响因素。结果:共纳入符合标准的受试者1 540例,其中男415例,女1 125例,年龄(63.02±7.15)岁。近1年的跌倒发生率为12.14%(187/1 540)。经χ^(2)检验初步得出,两组受试者的骨密度、年龄、骨折病史等因素差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);经Logistic回归分析,年龄(OR=1.048,95%CI=1.015-1.082),臀围(OR=1.034,95%CI=1.001-1.067),大量饮酒(OR=29.422,95%CI=5.226-189.378)可能是跌倒的危险因素;而食用蛋类(OR=0.423,95%CI=0.184-0.972),牛羊肉(OR=0.064,95%CI=0.006-0.634)及较好的肌肉力量(OR=0.936,95%CI=0.906-0.992)可能是跌倒的保护因素。此外,罹患糖尿病(OR=1.461,95%CI=1.006-2.213)也可能增加中老年人的跌倒风险。结论:对于北京社区中老年人,避免大量饮酒、多食用蛋类以及积极地力量锻炼能有效地预防跌倒,而有骨折家族史、罹患糖尿病人群则应更注重跌倒的预防。
Objective:To explore the potential related factors of falls and provide a reference plan for preventing falls for the middle-aged and elderly people.Methods:From November 2017 to July 2018,a total of 1 642 middle-aged and elderly people from 10 communities in Chaoyang District and Fengtai District of Beijing were interviewed by questionnaires.The contents of the questionnaire included the subjects basic information,life style,basic diseases and eating habits.The relationship between various factors and falls was preliminarily analyzed by t-test and Chi-square test.The possible influencing factors of falls in the surveyed population were further analyzed by Logistic regression.Results:A total of 1 540 subjects were included,including,415 men and 1 125 women.Their average age was(63.02±7.15) years.The incidence of falls in recent one year was12.14%(187/1 540).According to Chi-square test,there was a statistically significant difference in bone mineral density,age,fracture history and other factors between the two groups(P<0.05).According to Logistic regression analysis,age(OR=1.048,95% CI=1.015-1.082),hips size(OR=1.034,95% CI=1.001-1.067),heavy drinking(OR=29.422,95% CI=5.226-189.378) may be a risk factor for falls.And edible eggs(OR=0.423,95 % CI=0.184-0.972),beef(OR=0.064,95%CI=0.006-0.634) and better muscle strength(OR=0.936,95%CI=0.906-0.992) may be a protective factor for falls.In addition,suffering from diabetes(OR=1.461,95%CI=1.006-2.213) may also increase the risk of falls in this population.Conclusion:For middle-aged and elderly people,avoiding heavy drinking,eating more eggs,vegetables,and active strength exercise can effectively prevent falls.And people with family history of fracture and diabetes should pay more attention to the prevention of falls.
作者
王旭
章轶立
孙凯
申浩
齐保玉
朱立国
谢雁鸣
魏戌
WANG Xu;ZHANG Yi-li;SUN Kai;SHEN Hao;QI Bao-yu;ZHU Li-guo;XIE Yan-ming;WEI Xu(Wangjing Hospital,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Beijing 100102,China)
出处
《中国骨伤》
CAS
CSCD
2021年第12期1108-1113,共6页
China Journal of Orthopaedics and Traumatology
基金
国家中医临床研究基地项目第二批科研专项(编号:JDZX2015076)
中国中医科学院循证能力提升建设项目(编号:ZZ13-024-7)
中国中医科学院优秀青年人才(创新类)培养专项(编号:ZZ13-YQ-039)。
关键词
跌倒
生活方式
慢性病
问卷调查
横断面研究
Fall
Life style
Chronic disease
Questionnaire investigation
Cross-sectional study
