摘要
微塑料作为一种新型污染物,近几年在国内外受到普遍关注,但是大多研究都集中在水域生态系统方面,对陆地生态中微塑料的环境行为研究甚少,尤其是对作物毒性效应的研究鲜有报道。通过盆栽试验比较不同粒径(500、1000μm)、不同浓度(1%、5%)的聚乙烯微塑料暴露下大豆生长和生理状况,以探究微塑料对大豆的毒性效应。研究结果发现,两茬种植中,微塑料暴露下大豆出苗率比对照处理降低了7.69%~64.91%,大粒径微塑料(1000μm)对大豆出苗率的影响更显著,且随着添加浓度的增加对出苗率的抑制作用增强,而小粒径微塑料(500μm)对株高和鲜重表现出更强的抑制作用,对大豆叶片叶绿素含量没有明显影响。说明微塑料对大豆生长有一定的负面影响。与此同时,微塑料明显抑制大豆地上部蛋白质的合成,其中500μm的微塑料对大豆体内可溶性蛋白质含量影响更大,相较于对照均降低了50%以上。而微塑料对大豆体内纤维素的含量则表现出一定的促进作用。微塑料同样会影响大豆体内养分的吸收和累积。两茬种植中,添加微塑料会抑制大豆体内氮的吸收累积(抑制率为2.75%~29.55%),但会促进大豆体内磷的吸收和累积,且促进效果随添加量的增加和粒径的增大而增强,添加微塑料对大豆体内钾的吸收累积表现出先促进后抑制的作用。研究结果为全面认识农业生态系统中微塑料的潜在生物毒性效应和生态风险提供参考依据。
As an emerging pollutant,microplastics have been received extensive attention all over the world in recent years.However,most of previous research focused on the fate of microplastics in aquatic ecosystems,little has been conducted on the environmental behavior of microplastics in terrestrial ecosystems,especially,study on its toxic effects to crops was rarely reported.A pot experiment was conducted to compare the growth and physiological status of soybean exposed to polyethylene microplastics with different particle sizes(500,1000μm)and different adding concentrations(1%,5%)and the toxic effect of microplastics on soybean was explored.The results showed that the soybean germination rate under microplastics exposure was reduced by 7.69%~64.91%,compared with the control in two crops planting.The effect of large-grained microplastics(1000μm)on the germination rate of soybean was more significant,and the inhibitory effect on seedling germination rate was enhanced with the increase of additive concentration.However,the microplastics with small-grained particles(500μm)showed stronger inhibition on plant height and fresh weigh of soybean,while it had no significant effect on soybean of content leaf chlorophyll.All of these results indicated that microplastics had some negative effects on soybean growth.At the same time,the addition of microplastics obviously inhibited the protein synthesis of soybean over ground,and 500μm microplastics had a greater effect on the soluble protein content of soybean,which was more than 50%lower than that of the control treatment.Microplastics had a positive effect on the content of cellulose in soybean.Microplastics also affected nutrient uptake and accumulation in the soybean.In two crops planting,microplastics inhibited nitrogen uptake and accumulation in soybean(inhibition rate was 2.75%~29.55%),while promoted the absorption and accumulation of phosphorus in soybean with the promoting effect being enhanced with the increase of additive amount and particle size.The absorption and a
作者
许学慧
胡海娜
陈颖
XU Xue-hui;HU Hai-na;CHEN Ying(College of Grassland,Resources and Environment,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Soil Quality and Nutrient Resource,Hohhot Inner Mongolia 010019)
出处
《中国土壤与肥料》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第6期262-268,共7页
Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China
基金
内蒙古自治区自然科学基金博士基金(2017BS0207)
内蒙古农业大学高层次人才科研启动基金(NDYB2016-07)。
关键词
聚乙烯微塑料
大豆
生长
polyethylene microplastics
soybean
growth
