摘要
1941年太平洋战争的爆发,直接导致南洋大批华侨被迫回迁,由此形成了规模庞大的难侨群体。福建是难侨数量最多的省份之一,南京国民政府出于各方面的考量,对其进行了大范围的救济与保护,侨贷政策中的典卖与回赎就是其中极其重要的部分。随着当局针对侨民的三千万贷款的拨放,1943年,以此为启动资金,专门以贫侨为救助对象的公典局在福建地区广泛设立。公典局为侨民提供了典当与赎回业务,不仅在一定程度上帮助了侨民渡过经济难关,也发展了战时生产。但是在具体实践中却存在诸多弊端,反映出战时体制之下国民政府救侨措施的局限性。
The outbreak of the Pacific War in 1941 directly caused the forced relocation of a large number of overseas Chinese in Nanyang,resulting in a large number of difficult overseas Chinese groups.Fujian is one of the provinces with the largest number of stranded overseas Chinese,and the Nanjing National government carried out a wide range of relief and protection for them out of consideration from various aspects,among them the loan policy for overseas Chinese an critically important part.With the release of 30 million yuan loan for overseas Chinese,in 1943 public offices were widely set up in Fujian to help poor overseas Chinese.The public Gongdianju provided pawnbroking and redemption services for the overseas Chinese,which not only helped them to overcome economic difficulties to a certain extent,but also helped wartime production.In the specific practice,however,appeared many disadvantages,revealing the limitation of the measures taken by the Nationalgovernment to rescue overseas Chinese under the wartime system.
出处
《闽台文化研究》
2021年第4期54-63,共10页
Fujian-Taiwan Cultural Research
关键词
福建侨民
太平洋战争
救侨政策
公典局
Fujian difficult overseas Chinese
Pacific War
relief policy for overseas Chinese
Public Pawn Bureau
