摘要
同一个道德决策情景使用外语(相比母语)呈现时,个体会表现出更强的功利性倾向,即道德外语效应。随着研究的深入,结论并不一致。本研究运用元分析方法首次探讨了语言类型(母语vs.外语)对道德判断中功利性倾向的影响,并分析了相关的调节变量。通过文献检索及梳理,共有19篇文献46个独立样本97个效应量符合元分析标准(N=9672)。结果显示存在较小但稳定的道德外语效应(g=0.23);调节效应分析表明,道德外语效应受故事类型的影响,在个人道德两难故事中存在较小但稳定的外语效应(g=0.32),但在非个人道德两难故事(g=0.11)与日常道德评价故事中(g=0.12)不存在外语效应;非个人道德两难故事中的外语效应受记分方式的影响,多点记分在该故事类型下存在效应(g=0.27),二点记分不存在效应(g=0.05);性别和语系类型没有显著的调节效应。这些结果表明语言类型对个体面对道德困境时的选择倾向有一定程度的影响,道德故事类型和记分方式在未来的研究中需要加以考虑。
When presented with the moral decision-making situation within a foreign language context, the individuals will show a stronger utilitarian moral evaluation tendency compared with the same situation within the native language context. This phenomenon is defined as the moral foreign language effect.Numerous research studies have explored how the language context can influence moral judgment. However,the results were far from consistent. In this work, we used meta-analysis to explore the effect of the language type(native language vs. foreign language) on the individuals’ utilitarian tendency in moral judgments, and we analyzed several moderating variables. We retrieved 19 papers from the literature, with 46 independent samples, 97 effect sizes and 9672 participants that met the inclusion criteria. The results demonstrated a small but stable moral foreign language effect(g = 0.23). Analyzing the moderation factors indicated that the moral foreign language effect was influenced by the story type, with a small but stable effect for personal moral dilemma stories(g = 0.32). On the other hand, there was no foreign language effect for impersonal moral dilemma stories(g = 0.11) or daily moral evaluation stories(g = 0.12). In addition, the foreign language effect for impersonal moral dilemma stories was affected by the scoring method. There was a significant effect under multi-point scoring(g = 0.27), but not under two-point scoring(g = 0.05). As for the sex and language family type, no significant moderating effect was observed. Our results suggest that the language type has a certain impact on the individuals’ decision tendency when faced with moral dilemmas. More attention should be paid to the influence of the moral dilemma story type and a scoring method in future research.
作者
朱麟
刘瑾茹
李静
刘聪慧
ZHU Lin;LIU Jinru;LI Jing;LIU Conghui(Department of Psychology,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China)
出处
《心理科学进展》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第1期32-50,共19页
Advances in Psychological Science
基金
中国人民大学科学研究基金(中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助)项目成果(20XNA028)资助。
关键词
道德判断
外语效应
元分析
调节作用
moral judgment
foreign language effect
meta-analysis
moderating effect
