摘要
清代台湾职官选任制度的创制与发展,是清朝统一疆域形成与海疆治理深化的表现。清廷收复台湾后,为解决“缺官”问题创制台湾例;清中期,海疆治理深化,台湾例逐渐与沿海缺融合形成海疆缺,并不断对海疆缺进行调整完善,更加注重治理成效。台湾例的不断发展,对沿海各省职官制度产生了影响,并最终融合成为适应海疆治理整体性的职官制度体系。清末,海疆危机突显,台湾海疆缺虽积极因应,但终因台湾的丧失而被撤销。有清一代,台湾职官选任制度针对其夐于远海的特殊自然环境与番民共处的复杂社会情形,确定了“人地相宜”的制度宗旨,通过“拣选题补”“俸满优升”的制度原则,在台湾建立起一套完备的职官治理体系,大大提升了清政府在台湾的治理能力,推动了国家治理一体化的进程。
The establishment and development of the official selection system in Taiwan of China in the Qing dynasty mirrored the formation of the unified territory of the Qing Dynasty and its strengthening of the governance of the marine territory.After the Qing government resumed the sovereignty over Taiwan,it established the official selection system in Taiwan of China for solving the lack of officials.In the middle of the Qing dynasty,with the strengthening of the governance of the marine territory,the official selection system in Taiwan merged with the official selection system in the coastal areas to form the official selection system for governing the marine territory with constant adjustment and improvement for better efficiency.At the end of the Qing dynasty,the maritime crisis became very serious.Though this official selection system for governing the marine territory responded actively to the crisis,it vanished with the loss of Taiwan to the foreign invasion.The Qing dynasty established a fairly complete official selection system in Taiwan that took the special marine environment and the complex social situation with different ethnic minorities living there into consideration,and followed the institutional principle of“the right official in the right place”as well as the selection-appointment mechanism for a qualified official's promotion,which much improved its governance capacity and promoted the integrative process of the state governance.
作者
戴龙辉
DAI Longhui(School of Ethnology and Sociology,Yunnan University,Kunming 650091,China)
出处
《云南民族大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第1期142-151,共10页
Journal of Yunnan Minzu University(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)
基金
国家社会科学基金项目“清代‘边缺’制度与边疆民族地区深化治理研究”(19BZS129)阶段成果。
关键词
清代
台湾
职官选任
海疆
Qing dynasty
Taiwan
official election system
marine territory
