摘要
目的调查儿童乙型肝炎(乙肝)疫苗接种现状,观察疫苗接种效果,分析其中存在的问题。方法取具有代表性的3000份儿童血清样本,分析血清样本检测情况,结合儿童乙肝疫苗接种现状分析所存在的问题。结果儿童乙肝疫苗接种率整体偏低,女童接种率低于男童,农村居住儿童接种率低于城市儿童接种率;农村居住儿童乙肝病毒携带率、乙肝病毒核心抗原(-HBc)阳性率、接种后乙肝病毒表面抗体(-HBs)阳性率均高于城市儿童(P<0.05);在接种乙肝疫苗的儿童中,应答率为87.10%,其中高应答、低应答、无应答依次为39.52%、47.57%、12.90%。依照年龄划分,伴随年龄增长抗体浓度随之降低,依照性别划分,差异不具有统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论当下我国乙肝疫苗接种率整体偏低,应加大对相关制度与管理措施的完善,落实宣教工作,全面提升人们对乙型肝炎的认知水平,自觉提升接种意识,进而降低乙肝病毒感染的风险。在接种实践中,还需结合儿童年龄调整疫苗剂量或佐剂,进而提升疫苗接种应答率。
Objective To investigate the status of hepatitis B(hepatitis B)vaccination in children,observe the effect of vaccination,and analyze the existing problems.Methods A representative sample of 3000 children's serum was taken to analyze the detection of serum samples and analyze the existing problems in combination with the current situation of hepatitis B vaccine in children.Results The immunization rate of hepatitis B vaccine was lower in children,lower in girls than boys,lower in rural children than in urban children.The carrying rate of hepatitis B virus,the positive rate of hepatitis B virus core antigen(-HBc)and the positive rate of hepatitis B virus surface antibody(-HBs)after inoculation were all higher in rural children than in urban children(P<0.05).Among the children who received hepatitis B vaccine,the response rate was 87.10%,among which high response,low response and no response were 39.52%,47.57%and 12.90%respectively.According to age,antibody concentration decreased with age,and according to gender,the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).Conclusion At present,the vaccination rate of hepatitis B vaccine in China is generally low.Therefore,it is necessary to improve the relevant system and management measures,carry out publicity and education work,comprehensively improve people's awareness of hepatitis B disease,consciously enhance the awareness of vaccination,and thereby reduce the risk of hepatitis B virus infection.In vaccination practice,vaccine doses or adjuvants should be adjusted in combination with children's age to improve vaccination response rate.
作者
潘晓峰
李天问
李晓丰
PAN Xiaofeng;LI Tianwen;LI Xiaofeng(Liaoning Chengda Biological Co.,Ltd,Shenyang 110179,China)
出处
《中国医药指南》
2021年第36期78-79,共2页
Guide of China Medicine
关键词
乙型肝炎
疫苗接种
问题
效果观察
应答率
Hepatitis B
Vaccination
Problem
Effect observation
Response rates
