摘要
地方阴阳学是植根于民间的官办天文机构。该制度首创于元代,设计之初旨在管理民间术数人员,并为中央天文机构培养、储备人才。但明代的阴阳学却并未发挥原有作用。明中期,伴随中央对阴阳学控制的松弛,阴阳学的教育与管理职能逐步蜕化,在地方公共权威的干预下,阴阳学与基层行政和民间生活的关系日趋紧密。文章通过考察阴阳学兴衰的历史过程,分析阴阳学在明中期职能蜕变的内在因素,从而揭示影响古代天文学发展背后的国家意志和民间信仰两者之间的内在张力,并以此对明代天文学衰落提供解释。
Local Yin-yang(阴阳)schools were official astronomical institutes rooted in the grass-roots that served as sites for nurturing talent.They originated in the Yuan Dynasty,and gradually declined after the mid-Ming Dynasty.During this process,as central government control over local Yin-yang schools slackened,the local government and public authorities had to take them over,adapting their work to involve local affairs,and reconstructing them to become counterparts to the central astronomical institution.Their original social functions also changed,becoming increasing part of grassroots administration and folk life and beliefs.This article explores the transformation of the functions of Yin-yang schools,and reveals two inherent tensions between the national will and local folk beliefs behind the development of ancient Chinese astronomy.
作者
王吉辰
WANG Jichen(Institute for the History of Science and Technology, IMNU, Hohhot 010022, China)
出处
《自然科学史研究》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第3期269-284,共16页
Studies in The History of Natural Sciences
基金
内蒙古师范大学引进高层次人才科研启动经费项目(项目编号2019YJRC039)。
关键词
阴阳学
民间天文学
阴阳户
民间信仰
Yin-yang(阴阳)school
folk astronomy
Yin-yang households
folk beliefs
