摘要
为应对新冠疫情造成的经济衰退,美国推出多轮纾困政策和扩张性货币政策,引发了高债务和高通胀,导致市场对美元主导地位的质疑再起。从绝对值看,美元地位有所下降;从相对值看,美元优势并未显著削弱。在疫情冲击下,美元仍保持了相对优势并展现出较强韧性。美国利用国际社会对美元形成的依赖性和惯性,用美元资产绑架全球市场,疫情期间成功地掩盖了自身问题。与此同时,其他主要储备货币发展进程均存在障碍,新兴货币衍生形态存在重大缺陷,并未对美元地位构成重大挑战。尽管美元仍能维持其主导地位,但其地位正面临财政挥霍、货币疲软和金融制裁滥用等威胁。而美国没有做好变革的意愿和准备,决定美元优势的因素正慢慢让位于那些动摇其地位的因素。
Against the backdrop of COVID-19 pandemic and the high debt and inflation caused by the US huge budget deficit and expansionary monetary policy, the market has once again questioned the durability of the dominance of the US dollar. In absolute terms, the dollar has lost ground, but the dollar’s advantage has not diminished significantly. The international status of currencies is determined by relative advantages instead of absolute advantages. It is fair to say that the US dollar has remained relatively strong and resilient.The US has taken advantage of the international community’s dependence on the dollar and hijacked the global market with dollar assets, successfully covering up its own problems during COVID-19 pandemic.Other major reserve currencies have major obstacles in the development process, and the derivative forms of emerging currencies have major defects, which do not pose an urgent challenge to the status of the US dollar.
出处
《现代国际关系》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第11期35-42,61,共9页
关键词
新冠疫情
美元
国际金融
COVID-19 pandemic
US dollar
international status
