摘要
天然气是一种高燃烧热值的清洁能源,但开采出来的天然气中含有一定量的酸性气体CO_(2),会造成热值降低、管道腐蚀等问题,因此在管道运输和使用前需对其进行脱碳处理。分别对低温精馏、溶剂吸收、吸附和膜分离四种脱碳技术进行了介绍,详析了每一种技术的工艺特点和典型工业应用情况,并从原料气进料条件、脱碳效率、能耗及成本等方面进行了分析比较,为不同实际工况脱碳工艺的选择提供指导,具有重要的工程意义。膜分离技术在装置占地面积、能耗及成本等方面具有一定优势,可灵活调变的级数工艺也使其能够实现高CO_(2)脱除率和低烃损失,具有良好的发展和应用前景,特别是适用于空间受限的场合,如在海上平台进行天然气脱碳处理。
Natural gas is a kind of clean energy with high calorific value, but raw natural gas contains a certain amount of acid gas CO_(2), which will cause problems like heating value reduction and pipeline corrosion. Therefore, it is necessary to remove CO_(2) from natural gas before subsequent transportation and utilization. This article introduces four decarburization technologies: cryogenic distillation, solvent absorption, adsorption and membrane separation.The process characteristics and typical industrial applications of each technology are analyzed in details and compared from the aspects of feed conditions of raw gas, removal efficiency, energy consumption and cost efficiency,which is of great engineering significance and provides guidance for the selection of separation processes in different actual conditions. Membrane separation technology has certain advantages of small equipment foot print,low energy consumption and high-cost efficiency. Moreover, the flexibility and adjustability of stages in membrane process enables it with high CO_(2) removal rate and low hydrocarbon loss. Therefore, membrane separation technology exhibits good development and application prospects, which is especially suitable for space-limited applications,such as CO_(2) removal from natural gas on offshore platform.
作者
洪宗平
叶楚梅
吴洪
张鹏
段翠佳
袁标
严硕
陈赞
姜忠义
HONG Zongping;YE Chumei;WU Hong;ZHANG Peng;DUAN Cuijia;YUAN Biao;YAN Shuo;CHEN Zan;JIANG Zhongyi(Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education,School of Chemical Engineering and Technology,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China;Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering(Tianjin),Tianjin 300072,China;Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University,International Campus of Tianjin University,Fuzhou 350207,Fujian,China;CenerTech Tianjin Chemical Research and Design Institute Co.,Ltd.,Tianjin 300131,China)
出处
《化工学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第12期6030-6048,共19页
CIESC Journal
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(U20B2023,21878215,21490583,21621004,21838008)
国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFB0603400)
高等学校学科创新引智计划2.0(BP0618007)。
关键词
天然气
二氧化碳捕集
分离
低温精馏
吸收
吸附
膜
natural gas
CO_(2)capture
separation
cryogenic distillation
absorption
adsorption
membrane
