摘要
为了探究金叶银杏杂交育种可行性,选育出黄化特征稳定和干形优美的金叶银杏实生苗。以南京林业大学校内两株健康成熟的银杏雄株为父本,湖北安陆金叶银杏嫁接苗为母本,通过人工控制授粉得到杂交种实,并对种子表型性状、活力及其幼苗叶色分化情况进行观察统计。结果表明:金叶银杏与普通银杏的远距离杂交成功率达到90%;其后代种子属于梅核类,种粒小,杂交1号和杂交2号的单核质量分别为1.55、1.96 g;杂交种子存在生理后熟现象,其胚的速生期为9—10月份;杂交金叶银杏种子的发芽率80%以上,出苗率55%以上,黄化率达到50%以上,且前期叶片黄色特征可以维持到7月份左右;黄叶品系叶色由黄转绿的过程主要与总叶绿素和类胡萝卜素的质量分数有关,总叶绿素比例增加是其叶色变绿的主要原因。因此,金叶银杏与普通银杏的远距离杂交完全可行,其座果率高,后代黄化率可观,叶色分化明显。
In order to explore the feasibility of cross breeding of golden-leaf Ginkgo biloba,the seedlings with stable yellowing characteristics and beautiful stem shape were selected.Two healthy and mature male plants in Nanjing Forestry University were used as male parent and grafted seedlings of golden-leaf G.biloba in Anlu,Hubei Province as female parent.The phenotypic characters,vigor and leaf color differentiation of seedlings were observed and counted.The success rate of long-distance hybridization between golden-leaf G.biloba and common G.biloba was 90%.The progeny seeds belong to plum kernel class with small seeds.The mononuclear mass of Hybrid 1 and Hybrid 2 are 1.55 and 1.96 g,respectively.The hybrid seeds also had physiological ripening phenomenon,and the rapid growth period of embryos was from September to October.The germination rate of hybrid golden-leaf G.biloba could reach 80%,the emergence rate of seedlings could reach more than 55%,and the yellowing rate could reach above 55%.The results showed that the yellow leaf color of yellow leaf lines could be maintained until July,and the mass fraction of total chlorophyll and carotenoids was the main reason for the change of leaf color from yellow to green.Therefore,the long-distance hybridization between golden-leaf G.biloba and G.biloba is feasible.It has high fruit setting rate,considerable yellowing rate and obvious leaf color differentiation.So it has a good research prospect.
作者
章雷
王改萍
丁延朋
马悟真
Zhang Lei;Wang Gaiping;Ding Yanpeng;Ma Wuzhen(Southern modern forestry Collaborative Innovation Center,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210000,P.R.China)
出处
《东北林业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第11期8-12,22,共6页
Journal of Northeast Forestry University
基金
江苏省科技计划重点项目(BE2017375)
国家自然科学基金项目(31971689)。
关键词
金叶银杏
杂交授粉
种子
叶色
Golden-leaf Ginkgo biloba
Cross pollination
Seed
Leaf color
