摘要
《中英联合声明》在法律性质上属于双边条约,受条约法规范,但同时又是一个特殊的条约,其部分条文属于当事国的单方面声明。《中英联合声明》第3条及附件一在性质上属于中国的单方面声明,以公开方式作出,明确表达了中国受其约束的主观意图,构成中国的国际义务。中国在中英谈判过程中一再申明反对英国对回归中国后的香港享有任何权利,《中英联合声明》整体、包括第3条及附件一都没有赋予英国任何权利。《中英联合声明》至今整体上仍然有效,但该声明各个条文有效性的时长有所不同,不宜以部分条文效力已经终止为由而否认整个声明的继续有效性。在与英国权利义务有关的条文实际上不再产生效力的情况下,主张声明中这部分条文已经终止效力,则是对法律事实的准确描述。
The Sino-British Joint Declaration is a bilateral treaty by nature and is regulated by law of treaties.But it is also a special treaty as some of its clauses are unilateral declarations.Article 3 and Annex I of the Declaration are China’s unilateral declarations.As Article 3 and Annex I were made in public and China expressed its intention clearly to be bound by them,they constitute China’s international obligations.In the course of negotiation between China and the UK,China unequivocally expressed its objection to granting the UK any right over Hong Kong after its return to China.The Declaration as a whole,including Article 3 and Annex I,does not confer any right to the UK.Overall speaking,the Declaration is still valid today.The duration of validity of each clause of the Declaration is different.It may be inappropriate to claim that the whole Declaration has lost its validity since the obligations under some provisions have been performed.While the provisions in the Declaration relating to the UK’s rights and obligations have been fully fulfilled,it may be an accurate description that these provisions have ceased to have effects.
出处
《中外法学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第6期1445-1463,共19页
Peking University Law Journal
关键词
中英联合声明
法律效力
主观意图
单方面声明
Sino-British Joint Declaration
Legal Validity
Intention
Unilateral Declaration
