摘要
“一国两制”是中国解决和平统一与国家现代化问题的重大战略决策,也是宪制治理和政治文明的创新探索。这一战略构想有着中国古典文明的历史渊源,也有着世界体系内在矛盾性与互动性的背景因素,是中国共产党追求国家统一、国家现代化与世界体系和平发展的一种创造性制度想象和尝试。香港回归25周年,“一国两制”香港地区实践进入“五十年不变”的新阶段,其规范体系与回归时相比已有重要的法理更新和制度发展,这与2014年治港白皮书提出的“全面管治权”密切相关,也与香港地区面临的内外挑战及其回应方式密切相关。香港基本法是“一国两制”的第一个法律结晶,也是具有原创性和典范性的法治模式,宪法与基本法共同构成特区宪制秩序。香港国安法和新选举法的引入,“爱国者治港”制度化的深化展开,体现了“全面管治权”法理,弥补了国家安全与选举安全范畴的制度漏洞,是“一国两制”制度体系内在检讨和规范修补的典型制度,也为中央依法治港探索出了新路径和新经验。“一国两制”是国家顶层战略和顶层宪制要素,是和平统一与国家现代化的辩证统一,且具有世界体系沟通互动的治理高度,内含丰富的政治文明新形态的创新探索元素,是和平主义、发展主义、法治主义、爱国主义、国家保障主义和全球主义的价值整合与制度重构。“一国两制”丰富的规范性内涵与强大的多层次治理功能将在新阶段的香港地区实践中得到更为完整、充分和富有活力的释放。
One Country,Two Systems is not only a significant strategic decision on peaceful unification and national modernization,but also a creative exploration on constitutional governance and political civilization.This strategic framework has historical sources in classical civilization of China and background elements of the inner contradiction/interaction of the world system,which constitutes a kind of creatively institutional imagination and efforts to realize national unification,modernization and the global peace/development.At the point of 25 years after Hong Kong’s region return,the practice of One Country,Two Systems has entered a new stage,and the normative system has significant jurisprudence update and institutional development comparing with the return moment.Such changes relate to the“Overall Jurisdiction”put forward by the 2014 White Paper and the challenges/responses from Hong Kong region itself.The Hong Kong region Basic Law is the first legal outcome for One Country,Two Systems,which is original and modelbased.The constitution and the Hong Kong region Basic Law coconstitute the constitutional order of Hong Kong region.The introduction of Hong Kong region National Security Law and New Electoral Law,added by the deep realization of“Patriots Governing Hong Kong”,has embodied the jurisprudence of“Overall Jurisdiction”,and remedied the loopholes of national security and electoral security.The new institutions are typical elements for One Country,Two Systems update,which serve as new path and experience for governing Hong Kong region by the central government.One Country,Two Systems is the top national strategy and constitutional element.It is dialectical unity of peaceful unification and national modernization,which has the governance height for the world system interaction.It has several new elements of political civilization,including pacifism,developmentalism,rule of law,patriotic democracy,national safeguard and globalism.The rich normative connotations and powerful governance functi
出处
《南大法学》
CSSCI
2023年第3期2-28,共27页
NanJing University Law Journal
关键词
“一国两制”
香港基本法
全面管治权
新选制
政治文明新形态
One Country,Two Systems
Hong Kong region Basic Law
Overall Jurisdiction
New Electoral System
New Form of Political Civilization
