摘要
目的从众多国内外公共卫生定义中,找出蕴含的经典内涵,为新时代公共卫生界定做基础。方法运用内容分析法对公共卫生定义中蕴含的经典内涵进行解析和挖掘,采用重测信度的思路来检验定义解析的信度。通过定义影响力指标来计算经典内涵的重要程度。结果本研究通过对全部59个定义进行解析,初步获得257条内涵,经过逐步归类,最后聚类得到12类经典内涵;经典内涵的重测信度分布在0.800~1.000之间,信度良好,说明解析结果具有可靠性和稳定性;按照重要程度权重排序,前五位经典内涵分别为:保障和促进公众健康;组织社会共同努力;防控各类疾病和伤残;科学和艺术;以社会群体为对象;结论保障和促进公众健康是公共卫生定义的核心内涵,明确组织形式是公共卫生定义的普遍共识。经典内涵历经百年的发展变迁,其内涵不断得到丰富和扩展。如何科学继承公共卫生经典内涵,提出符合新时代需求的公共卫生界定,是各个国家(地区)指导公共卫生理论和实践的必然要求。
Objective To explore classical connotation of public health concept at home and abroad for developing a contemporary definition of public health.Methods Through online searching on websites such as China National Knowledge Infrastructure,Institute of Science Information(ISI)Web of Science and manual retrieval,we retrieved relevant studies in journals,books and government/professional institution documents published up to the end of January 2018 and then concluded 28 national and 31 international definitions of public health.Retest reliability was used to evaluate the reliability of the definitions;content analysis was adopted to analyze classical connotations of the definitions and an impact indicator was established to assess the significance of the classical connotations.Results Through the analysis on the 59 definitions,257 connotations were initially generalized and 12 domains of classical connotations were derived with stepwise classifying and clustering analysis.The retest reliability of the classical connotations ranged 0.800-1.000,indicating that the analytical results were reliable and stable.The top five classical connotations with great significance were ensuring and promoting public health,organizing the society to work together,preventing and controlling various diseases and disabilities,being a field of science and art,and exerting interventions at population.Conclusion Ensuring and promoting the health of general population is the key connotation for the definition of public health and to develop a contemporary definition of public health is important for guiding theoretical research and practice of public health in all societies.
作者
蔡伟芹
李程跃
马安宁
徐天强
郝超
陈政
于明珠
王象斌
郝模
CAI Wei-qin;LI Cheng-yue;MA An-ning(School of Management,Weifang Medical University,Weifang,Shandong Province 261053,China;不详)
出处
《中国公共卫生》
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第11期1667-1671,共5页
Chinese Journal of Public Health
基金
上海市加强公共卫生体系建设三年行动计划(2015年—2017年)项目(GWIV-32)
国家自然科学基金(71273191
71673202)
“健康山东”重大社会风险预测与治理协同创新中心重点资助项目(XT1405001)。
关键词
公共卫生
经典内涵
内容分析
重要程度
public health
classic connotation
content analysis
significantce
