摘要
“很”可以分为:静态程度义与动态估量义。“很”构式群中,静态程度义在普通话中具有显赫性;方言中,动态程度义处于凸显的位置,具有显赫性。从历时性角度看,“很”有两个变体:“狠”和“很”。金元明之时,“狠”主要修饰动词表示“动作幅度大、力度猛”等义;清朝后,“很”不仅与性质形容词高频使用,而且覆盖了大部分的“狠”构式,占据了优势并替代了“狠”,成为表达程度的显赫范畴。普通话中“很”的句法特征是由历史上“狠”与“很”相互竞争导致的,在该过程中“很”的焦点算子功能为其进入动态范畴“狠”的构式起到了关键作用。
“Hen(很)”can be divided into two meanings of static degree and dynamic estimation.In“hen(很)”construction group,the meaning of static degree is eminent in Mandarin,and the meaning of dynamic degree is in the prominent position in the dialect.From the diachronic view,“hen(很)”has two variants:“hen(狠)”and“hen(很)”.In the dynasties of Jin,Yuan and Ming,“hen(狠)”mainly modifies verb and has the meanings of great range and intensity of action.After the Qing Dynasty,“hen(很)”is used with qualitative adjective frequently,covers most of“hen(狠)”construction,has a prominent position,replaces“hen(狠),and then becomes a prominent category expressing“degree”.In Mandarin the syntactic features of“hen(很)”are caused by the competition between“hen(狠)”and“hen(很)”.In the process,the focus operator function of“hen(很)”plays a key role in its permeating“hen(狠)”construction of dynamic category.
作者
翟会锋
ZHAI Huifeng(School of Literature, Guizhou University of Finance and Economics, Guiyang 550025, China)
出处
《鲁东大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》
2021年第6期35-43,共9页
Ludong University Journal:Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition
关键词
“很+XP”
程度范畴
凸显
静态程度义
动态估量义
焦点算子
“hen+XP”
degree category
prominance
meaning of static degree
meaning of dynamic estimation
focus operator
