摘要
目的:探讨血流限制训练(BFRT)与高强度力量训练的组合训练(以下简称“组合训练”)对残奥会高山滑雪站姿组运动员下肢肌肉最大肌力、肌纤维募集能力和力量发展速率的影响。方法:以国家残奥会高山滑雪队站姿组6名运动员为研究对象(3男,3女),年龄(20.67±1.34)岁。根据膝关节伸肌最大肌力的前测结果,将相对弱势一侧的下肢作为实验侧(BFRT干预侧),另一侧作为对照侧(非BFRT干预侧)。运动员首先进行75%1 RM高强度力量训练,包括腿推、膝关节伸肌和屈肌练习、髋关节内收外展肌群练习等。之后在实验侧加压条件下,进行4组30%1 RM腿推和膝关节伸肌练习。比较2周训练前后最大肌力、肌纤维募集能力和力量发展速率等指标变化。结果:1)实验侧最大肌力显著增加(P=0.001);2)实验侧力量发展速率显著提高(P=0.042);3)对照侧和实验侧股外侧肌、股内侧肌RMS变化率均无显著差异,仅股直肌RMS变化率差异显著(P=0.02)。结论:2周组合训练对残奥高山滑雪运动员下肢最大肌力和力量发展速率的影响效果优于传统高强度力量训练。相对于传统高强度力量训练,组合训练可以更快地达到力量训练效果。
Objective:To investigate the effects of blood flow restriction training(BFRT)with combined high-intensity strength training(COM)on the maximum muscle strength,muscle fiber recruitment capacity and rate of force development of lower limb muscles in Paralympic alpine skiers.Methods:Six athletes(3 males,3 females)with an average age of 20.67±1.34 years from the standing class of the National Paralympic Alpine Skiing Team participated in this study.According to the MVC test results of the knee extensor,the relative weak side of lower limb was set as the experimental side(BFRT intervention side),and the other side was set as the control side(non-BFRT intervention side).Athletes completed a set of 75%1 RM high-intensity strength training firstly,which includes machine knee extensor and flexor exercises,leg-press,hip adduction and abductor exercises,etc.Then,4 sets of 30%1 RM leg press and machine knee extensor exercises were performed under the condition of experimental side pressure.The changes of maximal muscle strength,muscle fiber recruitment capacity and rate of force development before and after 2 weeks of the intervention were analyzed and compared.Results:1)The maximum muscle strength of the experimental side was increased significantly(P=0.001);2)The rate of force development was improved significantly in the experimental side(P=0.042);3)There was no significant difference in RMS change rate of lateral vastus muscle and medial vastus muscle between the control side and the experimental side,the only difference was observed in rectus femoris muscle(P=0.02).Conclusions:The 2-week COM is more effective in improving the rate of force development and maximum strength of Paralympic alpine skiers'lower limb than that of traditional high-intensity strength training,and the COM can achieve training effects more quickly.
作者
耿宇
吴雪萍
GENG Yu;WU Xueping(School of Physical Education and Training,Shanghai University of Sport,Shanghai 200438,China;Jiyang College,Zhejiang A&F University,Shaoxing 311800,China)
出处
《体育科学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第8期19-24,共6页
China Sport Science
基金
国家重点研发计划“科技冬奥”重点专项(2018YFF0300602)。
关键词
血流限制训练
高强度力量训练
残奥会高山滑雪运动员
站姿组
股四头肌
最大肌力
肌纤维募集
力量发展速率
blood flow restriction training
high intensity strength training
paralympic alpine skier
standing class
quadriceps muscle
maximum voluntary contraction
muscle fiber recruitment
rate of force development
