摘要
探讨西南地区硫铁矿和高硫煤矿酸性矿坑排水(AMD)的环境修复及治理途径。基于川、黔、渝等地的硫铁矿及高硫煤矿主要产于上二叠统龙潭组和吴家坪组,成因上与峨眉山大火成岩省和成矿、成煤的地质背景及地球化学环境紧密相关,根据硫铁矿和高硫煤矿矿山的酸性矿坑排水的环境问题与矿床区域分布的相关性,提出西南硫铁矿和高硫煤矿AMD环境治理的重点,可归为“一带、五区段”。“一带”即川南泸州至黔东北的遵义—毕节一带;“五区段”即川北的汉旺—广元,渝东北的城口、开县、云阳、奉节,渝东的石柱县以东地区,渝中的合川、璧山、华蓥山地区,渝南的綦江、南川、武隆等地。结合川北、川南2个典型硫铁矿和高硫煤矿的基础地质和水文地质调查,查明AMD的成因机理,特别是针对制约矿山AMD污染源的硫源和水源,开展详细的地质勘察工作。在确定矿区地下水具体的补给位置、水量、径流途径及波及范围的基础上,针对性地实施工程封堵和管控措施,切断大气降水的补给,降低水体的更新速率,减少或压缩AMD的排放量,减轻或完全控制污染源的扩大和蔓延,可阻止或降低对硫组分的氧化作用,有效提高污染水体的自然净化效率。工程治理结果表明,矿山排水的质量有明显的改善,从原先的酸性水(pH值为2~3)逐步向中性水(pH值为7)转变。
This paper mainly explores the environmental remediation and treatment of acid mine drainage(AMD)in pyrite and high sulfur coal mines in Southwest China.Pyrite and high-sulfur coal deposits in Sichuan,Guizhou and Chongqing areas mainly occur in the Upper Permian Longtan Formation and Wujiaping Formation,which are closely related to the Emeishan large igneous province as well as to the geological background and geochemical environment of mineralization and coal-forming.According to the correlation between the environmental problems of acid mine drainage in pyrite and high sulfur coal mines and the regional distribution of ore deposits,the key points of environmental treatment for AMD in southwest pyrite and high sulfur coal mines can be classified into“one belt and five sections”.The“one belt”is the area from Luzhou in southern Sichuan to Zunyi-Bijie in northeastern Guizhou.The“five sections”include Hanwang-Guangyuan in northern Sichuan,Chengkou,Kaixian,Yunyang and Fengjie in northeastern Chongqing,east of Shizhu County in eastern Chongqing,Hechuan,Bishan and Huaying Mountain in central Chongqing,and Qijiang,Nanchuan and Wulong in southern Chongqing.Based on the basic geological and hydrogeological survey of two typical pyrite and high-sulfur coal mines in northern and southern Sichuan,the genetic mechanism of AMD and the sulfur sources and water sources that resulted in the AMD pollution in mines are determined,and a detailed geological survey is carried out.After the specific recharge location,water quantity,runoff path and spread range of groundwater in the mining area have been determined,engineering blocking and control measures shall be taken in order to cut off the recharge of atmospheric precipitation,reduce the regeneration rate of water bodies,reduce or compress the emissions of AMD,reduce or completely control the expansion and spread of pollution sources.The above measures can prevent or reduce the oxidation of sulfur components and effectively improve the natural purification efficiency of
作者
廖禄云
杨在文
杨放
张恒
王承俊
毛志强
庞练
吴扬
LIAO Luyun;YANG Zaiwen;YANG Fang;ZHANG Heng;WANG Chengjun;MAO Zhiqiang;PANG Lian;WU Yang(Sichuan Institution of Geological Engineering Investigation Group Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610072, China;Sichuan Tianshengyuan Environmental Services Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610037, China)
出处
《成都理工大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第6期754-761,共8页
Journal of Chengdu University of Technology: Science & Technology Edition
基金
环境保护部公益性行业科研专项(201509024)。
关键词
硫铁矿
高硫煤矿
AMD
环境治理
二叠系
西南地区
pyrites
high-sulfur coals
AMD
environmental treatment
Permian
Southwest China
