摘要
粮食价格在国民经济运行中具有关键性作用。新中国成立之初,通过实施国家牌价政策,中国粮食市场逐步稳定。此后,随着国家发展战略及粮食生产供给形势的变化,粮食流通及价格经历了由政府计划向市场调节的转变。期间,先后实施了粮食统购统销价格、定购议购价格、最低保护价格、最低收购与临时收储价格政策,有效保障了国家粮食安全。中共十八大以后,为进一步发挥市场机制在粮食价格形成中的作用,新一轮粮食价格政策改革主要围绕"价补分离"和目标价格等展开。中国粮食价格政策演变历程深刻反映了改革应坚持以人民中心、以市场为导向和与时俱进的理念。未来,深化粮食价格政策改革应着力平衡市场机制作用发挥和保障农民种粮利益二者之间的关系。
Grain price plays a key role in the operation of the national economy.At the beginning of the founding of the PRCin 1949,China’s grain market gradually stabilized through the implementation of the state-fixed price policy.Since then,with changes of national development strategies and grain production and supply situation,grain circulation and prices have undergone a shift from government planning to market regulation.During this period,the policies of state monopoly for purchasing and marketing,negotiated purchase price,minimum protective price,price floor on grain,temporary purchase and storage have been implemented successively,which effectively guaranteed the national food security.After the 18 th National Congress of the CPC,in order to give further play to the role of the market mechanism in the formation of grain prices,a new round of grain price policy reform was mainly launched around“separation of price and subsidy”and target prices.The evolution of China’s grain price policy deeply reflects the concept of being people-centeredand market-oriented and keeping pace with the times.In the future,to deepen the reform of grain price policy,we should strive to balance the relationship between the role of the market mechanism and the protection of the interests of farmers in growing grain.
作者
湛礼珠
ZHAN Li-zhu(University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 102488)
出处
《价格月刊》
北大核心
2021年第12期10-17,共8页
基金
国家社会科学基金青年项目“区块链交易中的信任问题”(编号:18CJL020)。
关键词
粮食价格政策
政府计划
市场调节
grain price policy
government planning
market regulation
