摘要
目的:评价2剂水痘疫苗(Varicella vaccine,Var V)免疫策略实施后对水痘疫情的影响。方法:收集2012-2019年宁波市鄞州区水痘疫情数据,比较水痘发病率年龄变化趋势,分析出生队列水痘发病率、Var V接种率及两者相关性,通过儿童免疫史分析接种2剂组和1剂组病例发病时间差异。结果:鄞州区2012-2019年共报告水痘病例7264例,年均发病率为69.52/10万,各年水痘发病率差异具有统计学意义(χ^(2)_(趋势)=264.255,P<0.001)。1~9岁儿童在1剂次免疫时期发病率更高,发病率高峰为4~6岁;10岁以上儿童在2剂次免疫时期发病率更高,发病率高峰为10~14岁。2010-2019年出生队列第1、2剂Var V平均接种率分别为76.93%、45.38%,两者与水痘发病率均呈负相关(r=-0.915,P<0.001;r=-0.905,P=0.002)。接种过2剂、1剂Var V平均发病时间分别为2544天、1913天,前者发病时间迟于后者(Z=-2.589,P=0.010)。结论:2剂Var V能降低1~9岁儿童水痘发病率,发病时间迟于接种1剂Var V儿童。Var V1、Var V2接种对水痘疫情防控具有重要作用。
[Objective]To evaluate the impact of 2 dose of varicella vaccine(Varicella vaccine,Var V)immunization strategy on the epidemic situation of varicella.[Method]The varicella epidemic data in Yinzhou District from 2012 to 2019 was collected to compare the trend of varicella incidence in different age groups,the incidence and Var V immunization rate as well as the correlation between them in the birth cohort were analyzed,the immunization history of children suffered varicella was investigated to analyze the differences of incidence time between 2 dose group and 1 dose group.[Result]7264 cases of varicella cases were reported in Yinzhou from 2012 to 2019 with the average annual incidence rate was 69.52/10 million,and the differences of incidence rates of varicella in each year were statistically significant(χ^(2)_(trend)=264.255,P<0.001).The incidence rate in the age group from 1 to 9 years old of 1 dose immunization was higher with the the peak incidence rate from 4 to 6 years old.The incidence rate in the age group over 10 years old of 2 dose immunization was higher with the peak incidence of 10-14 years.The average Var V immunization rates of 1 dose and 2 dose were 76.93%and 45.38%respectively in the birth cohort from 2010 to 2019.The Var V immunization rates of 1 dose and 2 dose were both negative correlations with the varicella incidence(r=-0.915,P<0.001;r=-0.905,P=0.002).The median of onset time of varicella was 2544 days and 1913 days in 2 dose group and 1 dose group,respectively.The onset time of the former was later than that of the latter(Z=-2.589,P=0.010).[Conclusion]2 dose Var V vaccine strategy can reduce the varicella incidence rate in the age group from 1 to 9 years old and own the longer onset time of varicella than that in 1 dose group.The Var V immunization of both 1 and 2 doses plays an important role in the prevention and control of varicella.
作者
高波
张俊锋
潘冉冉
薛琦臻
项艺
孙烨祥
GAO Bo;ZHANG Junfeng;PAN Ranran;XUE Qizhen;XIANG Yi;SUN Yexiang(Yinzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Zhejiang 315100,China)
出处
《浙江医学教育》
2021年第6期56-59,共4页
Zhejiang Medical Education
基金
宁波市鄞州区科技局社会发展科研计划项目(编号:20182YZQ010019)。
关键词
水痘疫苗
免疫策略
发病率
varicella vaccine
immunization strategy
incidence rate
