摘要
目的了解江苏省城市饮用水中氯化消毒副产物三卤甲烷、卤乙酸暴露水平,评估饮用水中氯化消毒副产物经口摄入途径对人体健康潜在危害,为制定饮水安全保障政策提供参考。方法 2017—2019年,选取全省氯化消毒的市政水厂51座,在枯水期(3—5月)、丰水期(7—9月)采集出厂水、末梢水192份,检测水中三卤甲烷(三氯甲烷、一氯二溴甲烷、二氯一溴甲烷、三溴甲烷)、卤乙酸(二氯乙酸、三氯乙酸)暴露水平,使用美国环保署推荐的健康风险评价模型,对氯化消毒副产物经口摄入途径的健康风险进行评估。结果所有水样氯化消毒副产物检出值均低于国标限值。氯化消毒副产物对成年男性、成年女性、儿童终身致癌风险分别为3.13×10^(-5)、3.16×10^(-5)、2.91×10^(-5),其中二氯一溴甲烷致癌风险最高,对成年男性、成年女性、儿童致癌风险分别为1.12×10^(-5)、1.13×10^(-5)、1.04×10^(-5),分别占总致癌风险的35.78%、35.76%、35.74%。副产物终身致癌风险液氯消毒高于次氯酸钠消毒,末梢水高于出厂水,丰水期高于枯水期。对成年男性、成年女性、儿童非致癌风险健康危害指数分别为7.30×10^(-2)、7.40×10^(-2)、6.80×10^(-2),其中三氯甲烷非致癌风险最高。结论江苏省城市饮用水氯化消毒副产物终身致癌风险、非致癌风险均在可接受范围内,二氯一溴甲烷、一氯二溴甲烷是风险管理重点指标。
Objective To understand the chlorination by-products exposure levels of trihalomethanes and haloacetic acids in municipal drinking water in Jiangsu Province;to assess the potential hazards to human health of the chlorinated disinfection by-products in drinking water through oral intake;to provide reference for the formulation of drinking water security policy. Methods A total of 51 chlorination disinfection municipal water plants in the province were selected from 2017 to 2019.A total of 192 factory water and the tip water samples were collected during the dry season(Mar to May) and the wet season(Jul to Sep).The exposure levels of trihalomethanes(trichloromethane, monochlorodibromomethane, dichloromonobromomethane, tribromomethane) and haloacetic acids(dichloroacetic acid, trichloroacetic acid) were evaluated;the health risk assessment model recommended by the US Environmental Protection Agency was used to assess the health risks of oral intake of chlorinated disinfection by-products. Results The detection values of chlorinated disinfection by-products in drinking water were samples lower than national standard limits.The cumulative carcinogenic risks of chlorinated disinfection by-products to adult male, adult female and children were 3.13×10^(-5),3.16×10^(-5)and 2.91×10^(-5),respectively.The carcinogenic risk of dichloromonobromomethane was the highest, the cumulative carcinogenic risks to adult male, adult female and children were 1.12×10^(-5),1.13×10^(-5)and 1.04×10^(-5),respectively;accounted for 35.78%,35.76% and 35.74% of the total carcinogenic risks, respectively.The life-long carcinogenic risk of liquid chlorine disinfection by-products was higher than that of sodium hypochlorite disinfection, the risk of tip water was higher than of the factory water, and the risk of wet season was higher than that of dry season.The non-carcinogenic risks of disinfection by-products to adults male, adult female and children were 7.30×10^(-2),7.40×10^(-2)and 6.80×10^(-2),respectively;among which chloroform had
作者
费娟
王雪娇
郑浩
于洋
丁震
FEI Juan;WANG Xue-jiao;ZHENG Hao;YU Yang;DING Zhen(Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Prevention and Control,Jiangsu Nanjing 210009,China)
出处
《江苏预防医学》
CAS
2021年第5期554-557,共4页
Jiangsu Journal of Preventive Medicine
基金
江苏省预防医学课题(新型次氯酸钠发生器饮水消毒效果及消毒副产物的风险评估,Y2018078)。
关键词
消毒副产物
城市饮用水
三卤甲烷
卤乙酸
健康风险评估
Disinfection by-products
Municipal drinking water
Trihalomethanes
Haloacetic acids
Potential hazards assessment
