摘要
目的研究云南怒江州漆树籽不同原料及提取方法所获得的漆油脂肪酸组成的差异。方法以黑、白2种漆籽为试验材料,通过选用不同部位和提取方法对油脂进行提取。采用气相色谱-质谱联用法对所获得油脂进行脂肪酸检测。结果以漆树籽果仁为原料经索氏提取得到的漆树籽仁油脂肪酸种类丰富,不饱和脂肪酸含量达70%以上,其中亚油酸含量高达60%左右,适宜作为食用油脂。以整个漆树籽为原料,分别通过传统压榨工艺和索氏提取得到的市售食用漆籽油和漆籽油,均以饱和脂肪为主,棕榈酸含量达60%~70%,且市售食用漆籽油由于包装和贮存不当,不饱和脂肪酸种类及含量减少,导致营养价值降低。白漆籽仁油油酸、亚油酸的含量比黑漆籽仁油高,而亚麻酸含量则是黑漆籽仁油较高(P<0.05)。黑漆籽油中还含有约1%的棕榈一烯酸。结论漆油提取原料和压榨工艺的选择对所获得的油脂脂肪酸组成和营养价值有较大影响。
Objective To study the difference of fatty acid composition of lacquer oil obtained from different raw materials and extraction methods of lacquer seed in Nujiang Prefecture of Yunnan Province.Methods Black and white lacquer seed were used as experimental materials to extract the oil by selecting different parts and extraction methods.The fatty acids in the obtained oil were detected by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.Results The results showed that there were abundant fatty acids in lacquer seed oil extracted from lacquer seed kernel by Soxhlet extraction.The content of unsaturated fatty acids was more than 70%,and the content of linoleic acid was about 60%.It was suitable for edible oil.The commercial edible lacquer seed oil and lacquer seed oil obtained from the whole lacquer seed by traditional pressing process and Soxhlet extraction are mainly saturated fat,with palmitic acid content of 60~70%.Due to improper packaging and storage,the types and content of unsaturated fatty acids in the commercial edible lacquer seed oil are reduced,resulting in lower nutritional value.The content of oleic acid and linoleic acid in white lacquer seed oil was higher than that in black lacquer seed oil,while the content of linolenic acid in black lacquer seed oil was higher(P<0.05).Black lacquer seed oil also contains about 1%palmitoleic acid.Therefore,the selection of raw materials and pressing technology has a great influence on the fatty acid composition and nutritional value of the obtained oil.Conclusion This study provides data reference for the development and utilization of lacquer seed resources.
作者
解丽
赵歆
吴少雄
刘鹏
周建于
XIE Li;ZHAO Xin;WU Shao-xiong;LIU Peng;ZHOU Jian-yu(School of Public Health,Kunming Medical University,Kunming Yunnan 650500,China;School of Pharmacy,Kunming Medical University,Kunming Yunnan 650500,China)
出处
《昆明医科大学学报》
CAS
2021年第11期14-19,共6页
Journal of Kunming Medical University
基金
昆明医科大学与怒江州林业局校地合作项目(42117023)。
