摘要
居民"原子化"及相应的社区集体行动困境是当前社区治理中的难题,老旧小区中单位"隐形在场"对社区集体行动的影响值得关注。综合集体行动、社会资本与嵌入理论,首先构建了单位"隐形在场"影响社区集体行动的分析框架;然后以广州市老旧小区加装电梯的居民协商为例,分析集体行动差异的原因。发起人通过在原单位的结构性嵌入获得权力资本,通过多年同事和社区生活的关系性嵌入获得关系资本,拥有更多影响集体行动的社区资源;以集体主义为代表的单位文化和单位社区的"熟人社会"则是促成集体行动的社区社会资本。根据发起人在"单位"和"社区"两个维度上的嵌入方式和嵌入程度,形成社区集体行动的四种模式。文章将西方集体行动理论与有中国特色的单位制相结合,通过老旧小区加装电梯案例,深化了对单位"隐形在场"作用的认识,为今后居民参与社区治理、推动合作型集体行动、实施老旧小区改造提供了启示。
Individualization of community life and the accompanying decline of collective action capacity pose new challenges to today’s community governance. Attention should be paid to the effect of "invisible presence" of Danwei on community collective action. Based on the theory of collective action,social capital and embeddedness,an analytical framework is formulated to analyze the phenomenon of "invisible presence" of Danwei on community collective action. Three typical Cases of Guangzhou elevator installation projects in old residential districts are used to illustrate how residents’ coordination happens and the causes of the different outcomes of these actions. Initiators of these actions exercise their influence through power capital they obtained through structural embeddedness during their tenure in the old Danwei,and through relational capital they obtained as long term colleagues and residential community members. The Danwei culture,characterized by collectivism and acquaintance society,is the social capital that facilitates collective action. The initiators thus are able to use power capital and relational capital they respectively obtained from their embeddedness in Danwei and in Communities to exercise their influence on community collective action. Integrated the way and degree of embeddedness among "Danwei" and "community" dimensions,four forms of community collective action may occur. The article applied western collective action theory to the analysis of the Danwei system in China,a distinctive Chinese phenomenon,deepened understanding the effect of the invisible presence of Danwei,and enlightened the residents’ participation in collective action,old community renovation,and community governance.
作者
李东泉
王瑛
Li Dongquan;Wang Ying(School of Public Administration and Policy,Renmin University of China,Beijing,100872,China)
出处
《公共管理学报》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第4期93-104,172,共13页
Journal of Public Management
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目(71774163)
中国人民大学校级重大项目(20XNL004)。
关键词
社会资本
集体行动
嵌入
社区治理
单位“隐形在场”
Social Capital
Collective Action
Embeddedness
Community Governance
"Invisible Presence"of Danwei
