摘要
灾后信息缺失易导致应急决策失效和调整困难,针对2021年5月下旬云南大理州漾濞县及青海果洛州玛多县分别发生6.4级和7.5级地震,本文设计了一种基于共享数据平台实时信息的灾后应急物资配置方法。该方法主要利用基于地震台网发布灾害信息确定灾区范围,基于人口分布数据估测需求与供给缺口,并通过高德开放平台接口获取交通态势确定可供通行的路网与实时最优运输路径,利用这些实时信息做出震后物资分配调度快速决策。通过漾濞和玛多地震案例分析结果显示:通过震后第一时间数据,可快速处理收集数据并进行供需评估与物资调度辅助决策。当灾区存在供需缺口,利用相邻县物资可维系震后短期内物资需求;对于物资运输,实时更新的信息可为其选择最佳路线。本方法为震后应急物资动态配置中决策实时更新与调整提供依据,为日后地震应急响应提供参考。
The lack of post-disaster information easily leads to the failure of emergency decision-making and difficulties in adjustment.In response to the 6.4 and 7.5 magnitude earthquakes that occurred in Yangbi County,Dali Prefecture,Yunnan Province and Mado County,Guoluo Prefecture,Qinghai Province,respectively,in late May 2021,this paper designs a post-disaster emergency material allocation method based on real-time information from a shared data platform.The method mainly uses the disaster information released by the seismic network to determine the scope of the disaster area,estimates the demand and supply gap based on the population distribution data,and obtains the traffic situation through the open platform interface Amap to determine the available road network and the optimal transportation path in real time,and uses these real-time information to make rapid decisions on the post-earthquake material allocation and scheduling.The case analysis results of Yangbi and Mado earthquakes show that through the first time data after the earthquake,data can be quickly processed to collect and make supply and demand assessment and material dispatching aid decisions.When there is a supply-demand gap in the disaster area,the use of supplies from neighboring counties can sustain the demand for supplies in the short term after the earthquake;for the transportation of supplies,real-time updated information can select the best route for it.This method provides a basis for real-time updating and adjustment of decision making in the dynamic allocation of emergency supplies after the earthquake,and provides a reference for future earthquake emergency response.
作者
薛莹
梁瑾璠
赵晗萍
蔡思达
XUE Ying;LIANG Jifan;ZHAO Hanping;CAI Sida(Key Laboratory of Environmental Change and Natrual Disaster, MOE,Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China;Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875, China)
出处
《世界地震工程》
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第4期100-108,共9页
World Earthquake Engineering
基金
第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究项目任务九:综合灾害风险评价与防御(2019QZKK0906)
国家重点研发计划:重特大灾害应急评估与动态决策支持关键技术(2017YFB0504102)。
关键词
信息更新
供需评估
应急资源配置
路径规划
Updated information
supply and demand assessment
emergency resource allocation
path planning
