摘要
目的分析养老机构老年人窒息防范管理的现状与相关因素,为完善养老机构的安全管理提供参考。方法本研究为横断面调查研究,采用方便抽样法,于2020年12月—2021年1月,在中国老年护理联盟单位内抽取43家养老机构,采用自编问卷收集机构与老年人窒息防范管理相关内容,分析其现状与相关因素。本次调查共发放问卷43份,回收43份,回收率为100%。结果43家养老机构中,国营3家(6.98%),民营22家(51.16%),公办民营18家(41.86%);平均入住率为(67.63±20.59)%,入住老年人中重度失能所占的比例平均为(80.10±20.25)%。制定了老年人窒息事件监测预警、事件上报、分析改进制度与规定的养老机构所占比例分别为53.49%、51.16%、51.16%,对入住老年人开展窒息风险筛查、吞咽功能评估、吞咽功能训练的养老机构所占比例分别为65.12%、51.16%、46.51%。结论大部分养老机构在老年人窒息防范管理方面存在问题,有待改善。建议通过构建完善的窒息防范管理制度、对高危人群开展风险筛查和吞咽功能的评估与训练、加强机构负责人和照护人员的专业培训、寻求持续性的外部专业支持,以完善养老机构的安全管理体系,保障入住老年人的生活质量与人身安全。
Objective To explore the current situation and related factors of asphyxia prevention and management for the elderly in elderly care institutions,so as to provide a reference for improving the safety management of elderly care institutions.Methods This research was a cross-sectional survey.From December 2020 to January 2021,convenience sampling was used to select 43 elderly care institutions from the China Aged Care Alliance.The self-designed questionnaire was used to collect the content related to asphyxia prevention and management for the elderly in institutions,and analyze its current situation and related factors.A total of 43 questionnaires were distributed in this survey,and 43 were recovered,with a recovery rate of 100%.Results Among the 43 elderly care institutions,and 3(6.98%)were state-run,and 22(51.16%)were private,and 18(41.86%)were public and private.The average occupancy rate was(67.63±20.59)%,and the average proportion of moderate to severe disability among the elderly residents was(80.10±20.25)%.The proportions of elderly care institutions that formulated systems and regulations for monitoring and early warning of asphyxia events,reporting of asphyxia events,analysis and improvement of asphyxia incidents in the elderly were 53.49%,51.16%,and 51.16%,respectively.The proportions of elderly care institutions that carried out asphyxia risk screening,swallowing function assessment,and swallowing function training for the elderly residents were 65.12%,51.16%,and 46.51%,respectively.Conclusions Most elderly care institutions have problems in the prevention and management of asphyxia for the elderly,which needs to be improved.It is recommended that building a complete asphyxia prevention and management system,carrying out risk screening,assessment and training of swallowing function for high-risk groups,strengthening the professional training of agency leaders and caregivers,and seeking continuous external professional support so as to improve the safety management system of elderly care institutions,an
作者
王贞慧
崔乃雪
赵洁
秦利国
解文婷
贾金凤
孙超
Wang Zhenhui;Cui Naixue;Zhao Jie;Qin Liguo;Xie Wenting;Jia Jinfeng;Sun Chao(Nursing Department,Beijing Hospital,National Center for Geriatrics,Institute of Geriatrics,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences,Beijing 100730,China;School of Nursing and Rehabilitation,Shandong University,Jinan 250012,China;Social Welfare Center of the Ministry of Civil Affairs,Beijing 100053,China;Elderly Care Service Industry Association in Chaoyang District of Beijing,Beijing 100023,China;Cuncao Chunhui Home for the Aged in Chaoyang District of Beijing,Beijing 100020,China)
出处
《中华现代护理杂志》
2021年第29期3972-3976,共5页
Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing
基金
北京医院"科技新星"项目(BJ-2018-129)。
关键词
老年人
窒息
吞咽障碍
养老机构
管理对策
Aged
Asphyxia
Deglutition disorders
Elderly care institutions
Management strategy
