摘要
为提高聚乙烯(PE)的阻燃性能,以三氯氧磷、季戊四醇、双酚-S为原料,合成阻燃效率高、热稳定性好的磷系螺环磷酸酯双酚-S(阻燃剂),研究了原料量、反应时间和反应温度对反应程度的影响,当合成中间体螺环磷酸酯二酰氯(SPDPC)原料配比n(季戊四醇):n(三氯氧磷)=1∶5、SPDPC与双酚-S反应时间为8 h、反应温度为80℃时,阻燃剂的产率较高,可达到66.7%。分别用傅里叶红外光谱仪和热重分析仪测定了阻燃剂的化学结构和热稳定性,通过垂直燃烧实验、极限氧指数(LOI)实验、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、冲击强度测试、拉伸强度测试分析了阻燃PE的阻燃效果及力学性能。结果表明,阻燃PE的阻燃效果与阻燃剂的添加量有关,当阻燃剂的添加量为15%时,改性PE可以达到UL 94的V-2级,当阻燃剂的添加量为20%时,改性PE可达到UL 94的V-1级,PE的极限氧指数由17.4%提高至23.9%,平均冲击强度为21.60 kJ/m^(2),拉伸强度为10.20 MPa,对PE的力学性能影响较小。
In order to improve the flame retardancy of Polyethylene(PE),the bisphenol-S flame retardant of spirocyclic phosphate with high flame retardancy efficiency and good thermal stability was synthesized by using phosphoryl trichloride,Pentaerythritol and bisphenol-S as raw materials,the effects of raw material amount,reaction time and reaction temperature on the degree of reaction were investigated,the yield of spirocyclic pentaerythritol bisphosphorate disphosphoryl chloride(SPDPC)was 66.7%when the ratio of pentaerythritol to phosphoryl trichloride was 1∶5,the reaction time of SPDPC with bisphenol-S was 8 h and the reaction temperature was 80℃.The chemical and thermal stability of the flame retardant were determined by fourier transform infrared(FTIR)spectrometer and thermogravimetric analyzer(TGA)respectively,the flame retardancy and mechanical properties of flame-retardant PE were investigated by vertical combustion test,limiting oxygen index(LOI)test,impact strength(SEM)test and tensile strength test.The results showed that the flame retardancy of flame-retardant PE was related to the amount of flame retardants added.When the amount of flame retardants added was 15%,the flame retardancy reached V-2 grade of UL 94 and V-1 grade of UL 94,and when the amount of flame retardants added was 20%,the LOI was improved from 17.4%to 23.9%,the average impact strength was21.60 kJ/m^(2),and the tensile strength was 10.20 MPa.It has little effect on the mechanical properties of PE.
作者
蒋巍
李金凤
张晓岩
JIANG Wei;LI Jinfeng;ZHANG Xiaoyan(School of Materials Science&Engineering,Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology,Jilin,Jilin 132022,China;Jilin Petrochemical Company Refinery,Jilin,Jilin 132000,China)
出处
《塑料》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第5期19-24,29,共7页
Plastics
关键词
双酚-S
PE
阻燃剂
LOI
力学性能
bisphenol-S
PE
flame retardant
LOI
mechanical properties
