摘要
废旧NCM523型锂离子电池正极材料中含有价金属元素Ni和Co等,必须对其进行回收。用H_(2)SO_(4)和H_(2)O_(2)浸出正极活性物质中的Ni和Co,再用KMnO4除去浸出液中的Mn,最后用“水热煅烧法”制NiCoO_(2)材料。分析了各因素对金属浸出率的影响,在H_(2)SO_(4)浓度2.5mol/L、H_(2)O_(2)体积分数10%、浸出温度80℃、浸出时间80min和固液比1∶14g/mL的条件下,Ni、Co、Mn的浸出率分别为94.03%、99.56%、14.97%,通过Ni、Co的选择性浸出实现Ni、Co与Mn的初步分离;以KMnO4作为氧化剂,浸出液中Mn离子的浓度可降至0.45mmol/L以下;以聚乙二醇2000作表面活性剂,草酸作沉淀剂,在160℃水热合成、400℃煅烧后可从浸出净化液中制备出形貌均匀的链状NiCoO_(2)材料。初步实现了废旧电池正极材料中有价金属Ni和Co的回收利用。
The cathode materials of spent NCM523 lithium-ion batteries contain valuable metal elements such as Ni and Co, which must be recycled. Ni and Co in cathode electrode active materials were first leached with H_(2)SO_(4) and H_(2)O_(2). Then Mn was removed by adding KMnO_(4) into the leaching solution. Finally NiCoO_(2) powders were prepared from the purified solution. The effects of various factors on metal leaching rates were analyzed. Under the conditions of H_(2)SO_(4) concentration 2.5 mol/L, H_(2)O_(2) volume fraction 10%, leaching temperature 80 ℃, leaching time 80 min and solid-liquid ratio 1 ∶14 g/mL, the leaching rates of Ni, Co and Mn were 94.03%, 99.56% and 14.97%, respectively. Hence the separation of Mn from Ni and Co was obtained by selective leaching of Ni and Co. Using KMnO4 as oxidant, the residual ionic Mn in the leachate was lower than 0.45 mmol/L. Chain-like NiCoO_(2) with uniform morphology was prepared from the purified leaching solution by hydrothermal synthesis at 160 ℃ and calcination at 400 ℃, using polyethylene glycol PEG-2000 as surfactant and oxalic acid as precipitant. Therefore, the recycling of valuable metals Ni and Co in cathode materials of waste batteries was realized.
作者
李卓阳
王碧侠
张晨露
王子钰
LI Zhuoyang;WANG Bixia;ZHANG Chenlu;WANG Ziyu(School of Metallurgy Engineering,Xi'an University of Architecture&Technology,Xi'an 710055,P.R.China;Key laboratory of Gold and Resources of Shaanxi Province,Xi'an University of Architecture&Technology,Xi'an 710055,P.R.China)
出处
《重庆大学学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第10期75-86,共12页
Journal of Chongqing University
基金
陕西省自然科学基础研究计划资助项目(2021JM-374)。
