摘要
现象学的意向分析应当先从感知开始,因为它是最具奠基性的意识行为,也就是说,所有其他意识行为都植根于感知,即使在感知本身中也包含着一些非原本的东西。通常意义上的感知可以分为三类:具有事物感知结构的物感知、具有他人感知结构的同感知、具有本己感知结构的自感知。意识现象学的分析表明,所有的感知意识——物感知、自感知和同感知——都是在各自特定意义上的超越意识,即在自身中都包含超越了原本意识的因素,因而都是某种意义上的“伪称”。这也意味着,我们对外部的自然世界、社会世界以及对我们本己心灵世界的认知,都始终是不完满的,都始终有可能出错,而这是由我们的感知意识的先天结构所决定的。
The intentional analysis of phenomenology should start from perception in that it was the consciousness act of the most representative founding property.That is to say,all the other consciousness acts are rooted in perception,there are even some unoriginal things in perception per se.Perception in the common sense can be divided into three types:thing-perception containing the structure of thingly perception,co-perception containing that of other perception,and self-perception containing that of own perception.The analyses from the perspective of the phenomenology of consciousness indicate that all the consciousnesses of perception-thingly perception,co-perception,and self-perception-are transcendental in their respective particular senses,namely,they all contain the factors going beyond the original consciousness,and hence they are all“pseudo names”in a certain sense.This also means that our cognition with regard to the external natural world,social world,and our own mental world are never perfect but might err all along,which,whereas,is determined by the apriori structure of our consciousness of perception.
作者
倪梁康
NI Liangkang(Department of Philosophy/Center for Phenomenology and Xinxing Thoughts Research,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310030)
出处
《心理研究》
CSSCI
2021年第5期388-398,共11页
Psychological Research
基金
国家社科基金重大项目“《胡塞尔文集》中译”(12&ZD124)。
关键词
意识现象学
物感知
自感知
同感知
phenomenology of consciousness
thingly perception
self-perception
co-perception
