摘要
滇中引水工程从金沙江多年平均引水规模34.03亿m^(3)。为解决工程输水总干渠无在线调蓄水体以及减缓枯期金沙江引水后带来的水环境与生态等环境不利影响,在工程可研阶段围绕滇中引水利用洱海调蓄的方案进行了研究论证。本文根据洱海调蓄方案,采用洱海二维水质数学模型,预测分析滇中引水工程利用洱海较不利用洱海调蓄方案下的洱海水质的变化,并对利用洱海调蓄的水生生态环境影响以及环境敏感区影响进行了分析。研究表明:利用洱海调蓄方案,洱海的TN、TP浓度有所提高,其中对TP浓度影响较大,TP浓度从Ⅱ类恶化为Ⅲ类;利用洱海调蓄后金沙江鱼类特别是裂腹鱼类和高原鳅类随着水流进入澜沧江水系的洱海和沿线充蓄水库,会带来跨流域水生生物入侵风险,还会导致钉螺远距离迁移和扩散带来血吸虫病蔓延的潜在风险;利用洱海方案工程涉及大理苍山洱海国家级自然保护区的实验区,对主要保护对象存在一定影响。从环境保护角度,不推荐利用洱海进行调蓄的方案。
The water volume of the Dianzhong Water Diversion Project from Jinsha River average annual water diversion is 3.403 billion m^(3).In order to solve the environmental adverse effects such as no on-line regulation and storage of water in the main canal of water conveyance and alleviating the water environment and ecology brought by diversion of Jinsha River,research and demonstration on scheme of water diversion and storage of Erhai Lake in Yunnan Province were conducted.In this paper,two-dimensional water quality mathematical model of Erhai Lake was used to predict the change of quality of Erhai Lake under the scheme of engineering utilization of Erhai Lake for water storage.The research showed that the concentration of TN and TP in Erhai Lake has been increased by utilizing the storage scheme of Erhai Lake,which has a greater influence on the concentration of TP.The concentration of TP has deteriorated from Category II to Category III;The Jinsha River fishes,especially Schizothorax fishes and loaches,entered the Erhai Lake and along the reservoir along the Lancang River with water flow after the reservoir was regulated and stored in Erhai Lake.There is a risk of aquatic organisms invading across river basins and the experimental Area of Erhai National Natural Reserve in Cangshan,Dali.From the point of view of environmental protection,it is not recommended to use Erhai Lake for storage.
作者
汪青辽
李秋洁
刘媛
张仲伟
WANG Qing-liao;LI Qiu-jie;LIU Yuan;ZHANG Zhong-wei(Kunming Engineering Corporation Limited,Kunming Yunnan 650051,China;不详)
出处
《环境科学导刊》
2021年第5期21-26,共6页
Environmental Science Survey
基金
云南省科技厅社会发展领域重点研发计划(2019BC002)
中国电力建设股份有限公司重点科技项目(DJ-ZDXM-2018-38)。
关键词
滇中引水工程
洱海
调蓄
水质
水环境
水生生态
环境敏感区
the Dianzhong Water Diversion Project
Erhai Lake
regulation and storage
water quality
water environment
aquatic ecology
environmentally sensitive area