摘要
长期以来,关于清代在台湾设立土司管理少数民族的讨论,因其最终没有付诸实践,而较少受到学界关注。事实上,在台设立土司这一议题从康熙收复台湾且尚未设府置县时,即已由福建总督姚启圣提出,此后从闽台地方官再到中央政府之间,屡议屡止。直至乾隆初年,经中央政府与闽台地方当局从族群结构的实际、制度前景等多个方面的详细讨论之后,明确提出土司制度并不适宜在台施行,才终止了这场延续了近一个甲子的讨论。对这一历史过程的认识,既要注意到台湾社会复杂的多元族群构成,更应注意到清代为构建统一的多民族国家而加强对边疆管控,强调边疆内地一体化治理的历史背景。
For a long time, the discussion about the establishment of chieftains in Taiwan to manage ethnic minorities in the Qing Dynasty has not been put into practice in the end, and has received less attention from the academic circles. In fact, the issue of setting up a chieftain in Taiwan was proposed by Yao Qisheng when Kangxi regained Taiwan and the prefectures were not yet established. Since then, it has been repeatedly discussed from the local officials of Fujian and Taiwan to the central government. It was not until the early years of Qianlong that after detailed discussions between the central government and the local authorities of Fujian and Taiwan in terms of the actual ethnic structure and the prospects of the system, it was clearly stated that the Tusi (土司) system was not suitable for implementation in Taiwan. To understand this historical process, we should not only pay attention to the complex composition of diverse ethnic groups in Taiwan society, but also pay attention to the strengthening of border control in order to build a unified multi-ethnic country in the Qing Dynasty, and emphasize the historical background of integrated governance of border and inland areas.
出处
《台湾研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第4期88-99,共12页
Taiwan Studies
基金
中国社会科学院中国历史研究院学术基金重大项目“台海两岸关系历史与现状研究”(项目编号LSYZD2019011)阶段性成果。
关键词
清前期
治台政策
土司
土官
“以番治番”
Qing Dynasty
Tusi(土司)system
Native official
"Govern Fans(番)with Fans(番)"
Taiwan
