摘要
目的分析2010-2019年北京市法定报告肠道传染病发病趋势和流行特征,为肠道传染病防控提供数据参考。方法采用描述性分析方法对2010-2019年北京市法定报告肠道传染病发病情况进行分析,采用χ2趋势检验判断疾病发病趋势随时间的关系,数据分析和图表制作采用R3.6.2软件。结果2010-2019年北京市法定报告肠道传染病累计报告病例9种共874811例,年均报告发病率421.82/10万。报告病例数居前3位的病种依次为其他感染性腹泻病、手足口病和痢疾,三者共占99.26%。2010-2019年北京市法定报告肠道传染病发病率整体呈下降趋势(Z=214.96,P<0.001),报告发病率从2010年的668.40/10万下降至2019年的281.91/10万。报告病例数呈单峰分布,发病高峰在5-10月,共报告病例636769例,占法定报告肠道传染病病例总数的72.79%。16个区均有病例报告,报告发病率位于前5位的依次是密云区(659.02/10万)、通州区(602.92/10万)、平谷区(602.23/10万)、丰台区(555.32/10万)和石景山区(474.17/10万)。男性490844例,占56.11%,女性383967例,占43.89%,男女性别比为1.28∶1。各个年龄组均有病例报告,其中0~4岁组报告病例最多,为445944例,占总病例数的50.98%,其次是5~9岁组,为68625例,占7.84%。结论北京市法定报告肠道传染病整体呈现下降水平,流行于夏季,主要高发人群是5岁以下儿童和学生,其次是干部职员和家务及待业的成年人群体。应根据不同疾病、不同的发病群体采取有针对性的防控措施。
Objective To analyze the incidence trend and epidemic characteristics of notifiable intestinal infectious diseases in Beijing,during 2010-2019,and to provide data references for the prevention and control of intestinal infectious diseases.Methods Descriptive analysis method was used to analyze the incidence of notifiable intestinal infectious diseases reported in Beijing from 2010 to 2019.Chi square trend test was used to determine the relationship between disease incidence trend over time,and version R3.6.2 software was used for data analysis and graph production.Results During 2010-2019,there were 874 811 reported cases of notifiable intestinal infectious diseases in Beijing,with an average reported incidence rate of 421.82/100 000.The top three diseases were infectious diarrhea,hand foot mouth disease and dysentery,accounting for99.26%.The overall incidence rate of the notifiable intestinal infectious diseases in Beijing decreased in the 2010-2019 year(Z=214.96,P<0.001),and the incidence rate dropped from 668.40/100 000 in 2010 to 281.91/100 000 in 2019.The number of reported cases showed a single peak distribution,with the peak of incidence from May to October,with a total of 636 769 reported cases,accounting for 72.79% of the total number of notifiable cases of intestinal infectious diseases.Cases were reported in 16 districts,and the top 5 reported incidence rates were in the Miyun district(659.02/100 000),Tongzhou district(602.92/100 000),Pinggu district(602.23/100 000),Fengtai district(555.32/100 000) and Shijingshan district(474.17/100 000).There were 490 844 male cases(56.11%) and 383 967 female cases(43.89%),with a male-to-female sex ratio of 1.28:1.Cases were reported in all age groups,with the largest number of cases in the 0-4-year-old group,445 944 cases,accounting for 50.98% of the total number of cases,followed by the 5-9-year-old group,68 625 cases,accounting for 7.84%.Conclusions The incidence of intestinal infectious diseases in Beijing shows an overall deceasing trend,which is high in summer.
作者
史芸萍
李刚
刘洋
王超
谢春艳
虎霄
高燕琳
SHI Yun-ping;LI Gang;LIU Yang;WANG Chao;XIE Chun-yan;HU Xiao;GAO Yan-lin(Beijing Center for Diseases Prevention and Control/Beijing Research Center for Preventive Medicine,Beijing 100013,China)
出处
《首都公共卫生》
2021年第4期192-196,共5页
Capital Journal of Public Health
关键词
法定传染病
肠道传染病
流行特征
Notifiable infectious diseases
Intestinal infectious diseases
Epidemiological characteristics
