摘要
推进宅基地腾退是缓解中国土地资源配置效率低下的重要举措。这一政策的核心在于了解农户补偿偏好,设计合理的补偿方案,促进农户自愿退出宅基地。本文设计了一个包括补偿方式、补偿速度、补偿比例、付款模式、配套服务和资金来源6个属性在内的分组选择实验方案,在调查数据的基础上,重点比较了货币补偿、住房置换和就业安置3种补偿方式下的农户选择偏好以及异质性来源。结果发现:(1)只要政策公开透明,补偿标准合理,多数农户具备参与宅基地腾退的意愿,且更倾向于选择直接的货币补偿方式;(2)非货币补偿方式也表现出了一定的政策潜力,对于更为年轻、受教育程度更高、收入水平更高以及所拥有的宅基地距离县城更远、重要程度更低的群体具有吸引力;(3)受教育程度和收入水平是影响农户选择何种配套服务和资金来源的两个重要因素,受教育程度越低、年收入越低的农户越偏好教育培训与补缴社保,且更倾向选择财政拨付渠道的补偿资金来源。本文的发现为如何更加科学精准地制定退地补偿计划提供政策启示。
Promoting the withdrawal of rural homesteads is an important measure to alleviate the inefficient allocation of land resources in China.The core of this policy is to understand farmers’compensation preferences,design a reasonable compensation plan,and promote farmers to voluntarily withdraw from their homesteads.This study designed experimental plan scenarios including six attributes compensation method,compensation delivery speed,compensation ratio,payment mode,supporting services,and funding sources.Based on the survey data,we focused on comparing farming household choice preferences and sources of heterogeneity under the three compensation methods of monetary compensation,housing replacement,and employment.The results show that:(1)As long as the policies are open and transparent and the compensation standards are reasonable,most farmers show the willingness to participate in the withdrawal of homesteads and tend to choose direct monetary compensation;(2)Non-monetary compensation also shows certain policy potentials.Groups of people who are younger,more educated,have higher income levels,and have homesteads farther from county seats and less important are more attracted by non-monetary compensation plans;(3)Education and income levels are the two important factors that affect what supporting services and source of funds farmers choose.The lower the level of education and annual income of the farmers,the more they prefer education and training and paying social security contribution retrospectively,and they are more inclined to choose the source of compensation funds through the financial appropriation channel.The findings of this study have policy implications for formulating residential land withdrawal compensation plans more scientifically and accurately.
作者
陈鸣
CHEN Ming(School of Economics,Management and Law,University of South China,Hengyang 421001,China)
出处
《资源科学》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第7期1467-1478,共12页
Resources Science
基金
国家社会科学基金项目(20BJY121)。
关键词
宅基地退出
补偿方案
政策偏好
异质性
选择实验法
homestead withdrawal
compensation plan
policy preference
heterogeneity
choice experiment method
