摘要
钒是一种应用广泛的稀有金属,从赤泥等含钒资源中提钒主要采用硫酸浸出工艺,针对硫酸浸出液中低浓度钒分离提纯困难以及欠缺相关热力学理论研究等问题,本文以河南某地赤泥硫酸浸出液为对象,研究了树脂类型、树脂用量、吸附温度及吸附时间等对钒吸附率的影响,同时对D301树脂吸附钒过程的吸附模型和热力学理论进行了系统研究。结果表明:D301树脂可以有效分离回收赤泥硫酸浸出液中的钒,在合适的吸附条件下,钒的吸附率大于98%。适当地控制溶液pH值,可以改变溶液中钒的存在形式并抑制铁离子的水解沉淀,有利于离子交换过程中钒的分离。硫酸介质中钒的存在形式多样,其中VO_(2)SO_(4)和VO_(2)SO_(4)^(-)拓宽了钒离子稳定存在区间并有利于阴离子交换树脂的吸附。D301树脂吸附赤泥硫酸浸出液中钒的过程符合Freundlich吸附模型,弗氏常数(n)为1.61。该过程的吉布斯自由能变(ΔG)为-3.991 kJ·mol^(-1),焓变(ΔH)为9.28 kJ·mol^(-1)和熵变(ΔS)为44.51 J·mol^(-1)·K^(-1),吸附过程吉布斯自由能的减少和熵值的增大有利于D301树脂对钒吸附。
Vanadium was a kind of high melting point rare metal with ductility,which was widely used for the fields of aviation,railway,electronic technology,national defense industry,chemical catalysis and vanadium batteries.There was almost no independent deposit with high content of vanadium in the crust,and it was generally associated with other metals.Bauxite was the best industrial raw material for the production of alumina,which also contained rare metals such as vanadium and scandium.The industrial tailings produced in the alumina smelting process of bauxite,namely red mud,was a typical non-ferrous metallurgical solid waste.The grade of vanadium was enriched in red mud,but its mineral form was also changed and resulted in the difficulty of separating and extracting vanadium.Acid leaching process was the main method to effectively extract vanadium.At present,the experimental research and theoretical analysis on the recovery of vanadium from acid leaching solution of red mud by anion exchange resin were less involved.The effects of D201,D453,D301 and 717 resins on vanadium adsorption were compared in this study,and the suitable resin for treating vanadium containing solution from red mud sulfuric acid leaching was found.Furthermore,the effect of resin type,resin consumption,adsorption temperature and time on the absorption efficiency of vanadium was studied based on the object of acid leaching liquid containing vanadium from red mud in Henan province,which was obtained by solid-liquid separation of pulp under the condition of the sulfuric acid concentration of 20%,the leaching temperature of 80℃,the liquid to solid ratio of 5:1,the leaching rate of 300 r·min^(-1) and the leaching time of 1 h.The concentration of vanadium in acid leaching solution and adsorption tailing of red mud was analyzed by inductively coupled atomic emission spectrometry(ICP-AES).The adsorption efficiency of vanadium was calculated based on the concentration of vanadium.The adsorption efficiency of vanadium increased with an increase of the p
作者
李望
刘月
朱晓波
Li Wang;Liu Yue;Zhu Xiaobo(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Henan Polytechnic University,Jiaozuo 454000,China;State Collaborative Innovation Center of Coal Work Safety and Clean-Efficiency Utilization,Jiaozuo 454000,China;State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Mineral Metallurgical Resources Utilization and Pollution Control,Wuhan University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430081,China)
出处
《稀有金属》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第7期857-865,共9页
Chinese Journal of Rare Metals
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(51904097,51804103)
河南省高等学校青年骨干教师培养计划项目(2019GGJS056)
国家环境保护矿冶资源利用与污染控制重点实验室开放基金课题(HB201905)资助。
关键词
D301树脂
钒
赤泥
酸浸液
热力学
resin D301
vanadium
red mud
acid leaching solution
thermodynamics
